origins and meaning + good and evil Flashcards
Evil
Evil
The absence of good and the impulse to seek our own desires
This is at the expense of the good of others which often results in suffering
suffering
suffering
Pain or loss which harms human beings
Some suffering is caused by other human beings (moral evil); some is not (Natural evil)
privation
privation
The loss or absence of a quality or something that is normally present.
Evil is a privation of good.
goodness
goodness
The quality of being like God
Seeking the well-being of others selflessly
free-will
free-will
The decision making part of a person’s mind is called the will
A will is free if a person is able to choose right from wrong without being controlled by other forces
conscience
conscience
Human reason making moral decisions.
The knowledge we have of what is right and wrong and the God-given compulsion within all human beings to do what is right and to avoid what is evil.
natural law
natural law
The moral laws of right and wrong which are universal and not dependent on human laws.
The belief in natural law is the belief that the moral law is discoverable by every human being and is the same for all human beings in all places at all times.
incarnation
incarnation
“Made flesh”
The Christian belief that God became man in the person of Jesus, fully human and fully divine.
inspiration
inspiration
“god breathed”
the belief that the spirit of god guides an individual to act or write what is good and true
revelation
revelation
the word used to describe all of the ways in which God makes himself known to human beings
Christians believe that god does this finally in the person of Jesus Christ
transcendence
transcendence
existing outside of space and time
god exists in a way that makes him nothing like anything else that exists, above and beyond creation
creation ex nihilo
creation ex nihilo
creation out of nothing
before god created the universe, nothing existed. only god can create out of nothing
origin and structure of bible
2 main section; old (39) + new Testament (27 books)
OT is about howgod created the world
written mostly in Hebrew little bit of arabic
NT contains a story in the life of Jesus
written in Greek
all scripture is god breathed
fundamentalist Christians think that the Bible is…
they also believe we should read all of the books and ________ in exactly the same way whereas other Christians think that we should ________ the ________ ways the bible is written
fundamentalist Christians think that the Bible is word for word true
they also believe we should read all of the books and passages in exactly the same way whereas other Christians think that we should respect the different ways the bible is written
the Torah is the first 5 books of the _____ and is believed to be the _____ and most ________ scripture for Jews.
Moses is believed to have received the Torah from God on Mount ______
the Torah is the first 5 books of the Tenakh and is believed to be the holiest and most authoritive scripture for Jews.
Moses is believed to have received the Torah from God on Mount Sinai
orthodox Jews will seek to obey the mitzvot. society may change but Jewish teachings don’t. one of ___________ principles was that the Torah was given its ______ to Moses and can never be changed.
reform and liberal Jews believe its not necessary to take the ________ literally and they believe that sometimes they have to be ________ to modern life
orthodox Jews will seek to obey the mitzvot. society may change but Jewish teachings don’t. one of malmonides’ principles was that the Torah was given its entirety to Moses and can never be changed.
reform and liberal Jews believe its not necessary to take the scriptures literally and they believe that sometimes they have to be adapted to modern life
how do Catholics make moral decisions?
how do Catholics make moral decisions?
God communicates and reveals himself to people through 3 different ways:
The Bible: an inspired collection of writings sacred to Christians
Tradition: Every family, community, and school has its own saying, traditions and characteristics specific to them. catholic Christianity is the same. in the gospel of st john it says “not all things Jesus did are written down” john (20:30)
Magesterium: how the Pope and Bishops interpret the Bible for Catholics today
explain what Genesis 1 and 2 show Catholics about God
explain what Genesis 1 and 2 show Catholics about God
some view them as symbolic as they think that god inspired the Bible so he has revealed some of his qualities to us.
talk about omnipotence as he created out of nothing
ominbelevolent everything he created is described as being ‘good’ in genesis 1
Catholics believe in creation ex nihilo because in “_________” st Augustine wrote “________________________”
he is one of the greatest Christian writers so his work will have an influence on how Catholics view gods _______
in confessions he describes God as the __________ creator of all this will make Catholics look after the planet (stewardship)
Catholics believe in creation ex nihilo because in “confessions” st Augustine wrote “and you created this out of nothing”
he is one of the greatest Christian writers so his work will have an influence on how Catholics view gods qualities
in confessions he describes God as the omnipotent creator of all this will make Catholics look after the planet (stewardship)
Rosh Hashanah is …
Rosh Hashanah is the celebration of the day when god created the world and marks the beginning of the new year
what does Stephen hawking say about the Big Bang?
the Big Bang theory doesn’t show there is a creator or that God exists. hey says:
“because there is a law such as gravity, _______________________________”
what does Stephen hawking say about the Big Bang?
the Big Bang theory doesn’t show there is a creator or that God exists. hey says:
“because there is a law such as gravity, the universe can and will create itself from nothing”
evolution
evolution
the process of mutation and natural selection which leads to changes in species over time to suit particular environments
imago dei
imago dei
in the image of God
unlike the other animals, human beings are rational, free and moral
______ Darwin came up with the theory of evolution. he had found __ different species of finch from different _______ were similar but they also had different shaped beaks that matched the type of _____ available to the birds
Charles Darwin came up with the theory of evolution. he had found 15 different species of finch from different countries were similar but they also had different shaped beaks that matched the type of food available to the birds
what Catholics and Pope John Paul say about evolution?
what Catholics and Pope John Paul say about evolution?
If God wants to create human beings, who says the process he uses can’t take 14 billion years and involve a Big Bang and evolution?
whereas science will show us the how; religion shows us the why - namely, that these processes are part of Gods loving plan
Pope John Paul says the theory is of great merit and can help us to learn about the world
who is Richard Dawkins and what does he believe?
who is Richard Dawkins and what does he believe?
a modern day scientist and atheist who has worked on Charles Dawkins theory of evolution
“there is no such thing as a soul, nor there is evidence of one”
Catholics would say that science is not in a position to say anything about souls, because souls are no the type of thing science studies
“there is no creator God who has a purpose, a plan or a design for the universe
in genesis it says “_______________” many Catholics think that this quote is a direct reference to the Big Bang
in genesis it says “let there be light” many Catholics think that this quote is a direct reference to the Big Bang
meaning of the creation of Adam painting?
meaning of the creation of Adam painting?
painting shows imago dei
God is the giver of life - God stretches out his finger to give a sleepy Adam life. Michelangelo is showing that god gives life so all is special and belongs to God.
god is outside of space and time, he is transcendent - God is shown being carried through the air by a group of angels, showing or reflecting his transcendence, while Adam is shown firmly on the ground. this is an attempt to show how mighty and great God is.
THE TREE OF LIFE
THE TREE OF LIFE
In the centre appears on a cross - his (Jesus) face is very bright because this mosaic is an image of life not death. this cross is the tree of life. we can see this because at the base of the cross there is a tree, symbolising the tree of life in genesis
cross and the disciples - there are 12 doves sat on the cross. this shows the 12 disciples who were filled with the holy spirit at Pentecost. there are also 12 sheep at the bottom of the mosaic facing Jesus who is the lamb of god and also a shepherd
issues CST (Catholic Social Teaching) fight for
issues CST (Catholic Social Teaching) fight for:
hunger
poverty
conflict
Jesus said “you give them something to eat” Mathew 14:18
e.g.can for xmas and shoe box appeal
CAFOD generic info
and quote often used by the members of CAFOD?
CAFOD generic info
they provide emergency services for natural disasters
founded in 1962
a charity
“give a man a fish and he has a meal. teach him to fish and he can feed himself for life”
What do Catholics have a duty to do? how?
What do Catholics have a duty to do? how?
work against the forces in society that create poverty
Jesus taught “feed the hungry, care for the sick, welcome the stranger”
what is a humanist?
what is a humanist?
makes their decision based on reason, understanding and concern for others
trusts the scientific method and rejects the idea of God
no life after death
Robert Ingersoll a famous atheist said?
Robert Ingersoll a famous atheist said “happiness is the only good … the time to be happy is now, and the way to be happy is to make others so,”