Origins And Insertions Flashcards
Teres Major
Origin: Scapula (Inferior angle)
Insertion: Humerusw (Anterior, proximal)
Joint: Shoulder/ Scapula
Action: Extension, Adduction and internal rotation
Lattisimus Dorsi
Origin: Sacrum, lumbar vertebrae and lower thoratic vertebrae
Iliac Crest/ ribs
Insertion: Humerus (Anterior proximal)
Joint: Shoulder
Action:Extension, Adduction, Internal rotation
Pectoralis Major
Origin: Sternum, Clavicle and ribs
Insertion: Humerus (Anterior proximal)
Joint: Shoulder
Action: Horizontal flexion, shoulder flexion, adduction and internal rotation
Deltoid Anterior
Origin: Clavicle
Insertion: Lateral proximal humerus
Joint: shoulder
Action:flexion, horizonal flexion, internal rotation
Deltoid Medial
Origin: Acromion process
Insertion: lateral proximal humerus
Joint: shoulder
Action:abduction
Deltoid Posterior
Origin: Spine of scapula
Insertion: lateral proximal humerus
Joint: Shoulder
Action: extension, horizontal extension, external rotation
Biceps brachii
Origin: Scapula
Insertion: Radius
Joint: Shoulder and elbow
Action: shoulder flexion, elbow flexion and supination of the forearm
Brachialis
Origin: Humerus (distal anterior)
Insertion: Ulna (proximal anterior)
Joint: Elbow
Action: Elbox flexion
Brachioradialis
Origin: Humerus (distal lateral)
Insertion: Radius (distal lateral)
Joint: Elbow
Action: Elbow flexion
Triceps brachii
Origin: Scapular and humerus
Insertion: Ulna
Joint: Shoulder/ Elbow
Action: Shoulder extension and elbox extension
Psoas Major (Hip flexor)
Origin: Lumbar vertebrae, Transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: Femur, Lesser trocanter
Joint: Hip
Action:Hip flexion, trunk flexion, lateral rotation
Iliacus (Hip flexor)
Origin: Ilium (Iliac fossa)
Insertion: Femur (lesser trochanter)
Joint: Hip
Action: hip flexion, lateral rotation
Gluteus maximus
Origin: Iliac crest, sacrum and coccyx
Insertion: femur and iliotibial tract
Joint: Hip
Action: Hip extension, external rotation
Gluteus minimus
Origin: Ilium (Outer surface)
Insertion: Femur (Greater trochanter)
Joint: Hip
Action: Hip abduction, internal rotation
Gluteus Medius
Origin: Ilium (outer surface)
Insertion: Fenur (greater trochanter)
Joint: Hip
Action: Hip abduction, internal rotation
Rectus femoris (Quads)
Origin: Iliac crest, Anterior, inferior iliac spine (AIIS)
Insertion: Tibia
Joint: Hip/ knee
Action: hip flexion, knee extension
Vastus lateralis
Origin: femur (greater trochanter and linea aspera)
Insertion: Tibia
Joint: knee
Action: knee extension
Vastus Medialis
Origin: Femur
Insertion: tibia
Joint: knee
Action: knee extension
Vastus intermedius
Origin: Femur (anterior lateral)
Insertion: Tibia
Joint: Knee
Action: Knee extension
Biceps Femoris
Origin: Ishial tuberosity
Insertion: Lateral condyle of tibia and fibula head
Joint: Hip/ knee
Action: Hip extension, knee flexion
Semi-tendinosus and Semi-membranosus
Origin: Ishial tuberosity
Insertion: Tibia (Medial surface)
Joint: Hip/knee
Action: Hip extension/ knee flexion
Gastrocnemius
Origin: Femur (lateral and medial condyles)
Insertion: Tarsals (calcaneous via achilles tendon)
Joint: Knee/ Ankle
Action: Knee flexion, ankle plantar flexion
Soleus
Origin: tibia (Medial border) and head of fibula
Insertion: Tarsals (calcaneous via achilles tendon)
Joint: Ankle
Action: Ankle plantar flexion
Tibialus anterior
Origin: Tibia
Insertion: Metatarsals
Joint: Ankle, Metatarsals
Action: Dorsiflexion, ankle inversion
Erector spinae
Origin: Vertebral Column
Insertion: Vertebral column
Joint: Vertebral/ trunk
Action: Extends vertebral column, maintains erect posture, Assists in head rotation
Quadratus lumborum
Origin: Iliac crest
Insertion: Ribs (12th) and lumbar vertebrae (1st - 4th)
Joint: Vertebral/ trunk
Action: Latreral Flexion, Lateral extension, lateral pelvic tilt
Transverse abdominis
Origin: 6th - 12th ribs, lumbar vertebrae and iliac crest via the lumbothoracic fascia from the transverse processes of L1-5.
Insertion: Linea alba Xiphoid process (at bottom of sternum and) and pubis
Joint: Vertebral/ trunk
Action: Abdomen compression
Rectus abdominus
Origin: Pubis, Pubic symphisis
Insertion: 5th - 7th rib
Joint: Vertebral/ trunk
Action: Trunk flexion
External abdominal oblique
Origin: Ribs 4th -12th pair of ribs
Insertion: Iliac crest to linea alba
Joint: vertebral/ trunk
Action: Lateral flexion, rotation, flexion
Internal abdominal oblique
Origin: Iliac crest and the thoracic lumbar fascia
Insertion: Ribs and Linea alba
Joint: Vertebral/ trunk
Action: Lateral flexion, rotation, flexion
Multifidus
Origin: Transverse processes of vertebra
Insertion: Spinous processes of all the vertebra
Joint: stabiliser controls rotation
Trapezius (Upper)
Origin: Occipital bone and posterior ligaments of the neck
Insertion: Clavicle
Joint: Scapula
Action: Scapula elevation, lateral rotation of neck and neck extension
Trapezius (Middle)
Origin: Spinous processes of 7th cervical and 1st - 3rd thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: accromion process and spine of scapula
Joint: Scapula
Action: Scapula retraction, lateral rotation
Trapezius (Lower)
Origin: 4th - 12th thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: Spine of scapula
Joint: Scapula
Action: Scapula depression
Levator Scapulae
Origin: Cervical Vertebrae c1- c4 trasverse processes
Insertion: Scapula (superior)
Joint: Scapula and neck
Action: Scapula elevation, Lateral flexion of neck, neck extension
Rhomboids (Minor)
Origin: C7- T1 spinpous processes
Insertion: medial border of scapula
Joint: Scapula
Action: Retraction
Insertion
Rhomboids (Major)
Origin: T2 - T5 spinous processes
Insertion: Medial border and inferior angle of scapula
Joint: Scapula
Action: Retraction and medial rotation
Pectoralis Minor
Origin: Ribs - anterior (3rd - 5th pair of ribs)
Insertion: Scapula (Coracoid Process)
Joint: Scapula
Action: Scapula protraction and depression
Serratus anterior
Origin: Ribs - upper 9 ribs
Insertion: Scapula, Medial border
Joint: Scapula
Action: Scapula protraction and lateral rotation
Sternocleidomastoid
Origin: Sternum and clavicle
Insertion: skull mastoid process
Joint: Neck
Action: Neck flexion and lateral flexion
Supraspinatus
Origin: Above the scapula spine
Insertion: Head of Humerus
Joint: Shoulder
Action: Abduction stabiliser
Infraspinatus
Origin: Below the scapula spine
Insertion: Head of humerus
Joint: Shoulder
Action: External rotation stabiliser
Subscapularis
Origin: Anterior surface of scapula
Insertion: head of humerus
Joint: Shoulder
Action: internal roatation stabiliser
Teres Minor
Origin: Lateral border of scapula
Insertion: head of humerus
Joint: Shoulder
Action: external rotation stabiliser
Adductor Magnus
Origin: Pubis and ishium
Insertion: Femur
Joint: Hip
Action: Hip adduction and hip flexion
Adductor Brevis
Origin: Pubis
Insertion: Femur
Joint: Hip
Action: hip adduction and flexion
Adductor longis
Origin: Pubis
Insertion: Femur
Joint: Hip
Action: Hip adduction and hip flexion
Pectineus
Origin: Pubis
Insertion: Femur (Proximal posterior)
Joint: Hip
Action: Hip adduction, Hip flexion
Gracilis
Origin: Pubis
Insertion: Tibia (Medial proximal)
Joint: Hip/ knee
Action: Hip adduction, Hip flexion, knee flexion
Tensor fascia latae
Origin: Iliac crest
Insertion: Tibia via illotibial tract
Joint: hip
Action: Hip flexion, hip abduction
Sartorius
Origin: Ilium (Anterior superior)
Insertion: Tibia
Joint: Hip
Action: Hip flexion, lateral rotation, knee flexion
