Origins and development of authoritarian and single party states Flashcards
New Economic Policy
instituted by the the Bolshevik gov. in March 1921 as a result of financial collapse and political uprising following the first world war. The NEP is often seen as an example of Lenin’s pragmatism to ensure that he remained in power
Crucial to the success of the single party leader are the means of identifying and addressing the immediately important issues for example:
Hitler’s first priority was job creation not expanding Germany. Mao put off communist vision in favor of land reforms which turned millions of peasants into landowners.
These were the pressing issues of the day and would guarantee popular support
Delivering the message
Nazis were among the first to use radio as the new wave of technology to reach a border audience
some of the most well-known tactics for gaining power include:
civil war, political campaigns, Coups D’etat, mass uprising, alliances with foreign powers, intimidation of opponents, propaganda and media control.
Hitler and Mussolini realized that they could take advantage of the existing political system and engineer an internal takeover with moderate…
violence and confrontation
Castro and Mao resorted to Guerrilla warfare and Lenin engineered a military coup
Mao’s cultural Rev was partly an attempt to
root out laziness and corruption, to restore the zeal to the party and to continue the tsk of totally transforming China and its people
Hitlers first concentration camps were designed for
communists, trade unionists and members of rival political parties
the leader also makes use of internal party purges to maintain authority. famous examples are the
night of long knives with gemany and stalins purges and the maoist cultural revolution
Hitler was able to achieve single-party rule following the passing of the Enabling Act
Authorized the gov or organization to take certain immediate actions. Hitler obtained the power to enact laws by decree without requiring an act of parliament
Right wing gov
Conservative, create or recreate what they see as a previous golden age
a different approach to the ownership of property by individuals and they may emphasize nationalism more than the left. try to convert other countries to their message or a version of it, or assist those who sympathizes with them as in the case of Hitler and Mussolini who assisted Franco. they are eager to assert control over economic activites, do in fact place limits on private property.
Left wing
Support more progressive social ideas
adopt a crusading tone, a missionary task to spread the philosophy to other countries in the region. can be very nationalistic
socialism in one country
stalins 1924 policy opposed Trotsky support for revolution in the industrial countries of Europe. he proposed that a socialist state be constructed in the USSR to demonstrate the superiority of socialism and act as a model for other countries.
street committees
Neighborhood organizations set up by the Chinese communist gov. Their job was to report on any suspicious anti gov behavior by residents of a particular street or apartment complex.
everyones plans
Soviet Union: Five year plan
Nazi Germany: Four Year Plan
Mao’s China: The great leap forward (1958)
peace land and bread
a slogan developed by the Bosheviks in April 1917 to attract support for the Bolshevik party in the struggle for power after the fall of the Tsar. Intended to address the greivances of the soldiers, workers and peasants which the provisional Gov had failed to satisfy
