Origin of the Universe Flashcards
How old is the universe?
13.8 Billion years
How old is our solar system?
4.54 Billion Years
What kind of species is “Lucy”? The first and the oldest human ancestor skeleton found
Australopethicus afarensis
One of the books of the Hebrew Bible and Christian Old testament which describes How God created the universe in a span of six days
Genesis
A Hindu text which describes the universe as an infinitely oscillating universe in which a cosmic egg or Brabmada expands out of a single point called Bindu
Rigveda
The philosopher who believed that the original state of the cosmos was a primordial mixture of all its ingredient, then eventually separated by a whirling motion ultimately producing the cosmos of separate material objects (primordial universe)
Anaxagoras
Name of the Philosophers who believed in an atomic universe composed of tiny, inseperable, and indestructible atoms.
Leucippus and Democritus
Stoic philosophers of ancient Greek believed that the universe is like a giant living body with the __________ as the most important parts
Sun and stars
Describes that the universe is static, steady stare infinite, where matter is uniformly distributed and the universe is gravitationally balanced but unstable
Principia by Isaac Newton
Rene Descartes outlined a model of the universe wherein it involved a system of huge swirling whirlpools of fine matter producing what would later be called as?
gravitational effect
Assumed that the universe was static, dynamically stable, and is neither expanding nor contracting through his theory called “theory of relativity”
Albert Einstein
He proved that the universe was not static through light emissions (color spectrum)
Edwin Hubble
The mainstream explanation of how the universe was created which describes that the universe as originating from an infinitely tiny and dense point or singularity
The Big Bang Theory
What did Alexander Friedman and Georges Lamaitre contributed in 1920?
They conceptualize the theory of the Big Bang
Followed the general theory of relativity equations of the universe with positive curvature resulting to the universe expanding and then contracting due to pull of its gravity in a perpetual cycle of Big Bang followed by the Big Crunch.
Oscillating Universe
Predicts that a universe that expanded but did not change density; matter was inserted into the universe as it expanded in order to maintain a constant density
Steady state Theory
A theory that sees our universe as just one of the many “bubbles” that grew as part of a multiverse in 1983
Inflation Theory
Has 11 dimensions and gives us the notion of multiverse/parallel universe
String Theory
Representation of an idea, an object, or even process that is used to describe and explain a phenomenon
Model
A model by Claudius Ptomely in which he explains that the Earth is at the center of our solar system
Geocentric Model
A model by Nicolas Copernicus in which he explains that the sun is the center of our solar system
Heliocentric Model
Earliest known period, also known as “Planck Era”, of our Universe where all matter was condensed on a single point of infinite density and extreme heat.
Singularity Era
Era wherein the single atomic nucleus sized particle expanded to 10^35 meters in width
Inflationary Era
Era where our Universe’s Fundamental particles and energy was made up (quarks, electrons, protons and nuetrons)
Formation of the Universe Era
Stage where protons and neutrons started to combine to form hydrogen nuclei
Formation of the Basic elements
pairs of Hydrogen nuclei from helium nuclei
Nucleosynthesis
Era where energy was in the form of radiation (wavelengths) / Cosmic background readiation
Radiation Era
Era where atoms/ matter began to dominate our universe and electrons joined with hydrogen and helium nuclei to make small neutral atoms
Matter Domination Era
Era wherein nebulas began to condensed, cause by irregular areas of Gas cloud gravity, and gained enough mass to produce light
Birth of stars and Galaxies
What are the 4 fundamental forces of our universe?
Matter particles/ Gravity, Force carrying particles/ strong nuclear force, Weak nuclear force, and Electromagnetic force
They discovered the presence of cosmic microwave background and speculated to be the remnant energy left over from the universe’s creation
Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson
The first telescope to be sent to a mission to capture and observe the observable universe just outside of Earth’s atmosphere
Hubble Space Telescope
