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Dinosaurs > Origin of the Dinosaurs > Flashcards

Origin of the Dinosaurs Flashcards

1
Q

Origin of Dinosaurs

What did the 1980 standard model of ecological process for the origin of dinosaurs look like?

A

Early Triassic: Synapsids
Early to late Triassic: Early Archosaurs
Middle Triassic: Rhynchosaurs
Middle to late Triassic: Dinosaurs

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2
Q

Origin of Dinosaurs

What are synapsids and what did they eat?

A

Early ancestors of mammals, carnivores and herbivores

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3
Q

Origin of Dinosaurs

What group replaced synapsids as herbivores?

A

Rhyncosaurs

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4
Q

Origin of Dinosaurs

Rhyncosaurs replaced which group as herbivores?

A

Synapsids

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5
Q

Origin of Dinosaurs

Which group replaced synapsids as carnovires?

A

Early archosaurs

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6
Q

Origin of Dinosaurs

Early archosaurs replaced which group as carnivores?

A

Synapsids

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7
Q

Origin of Dinosaurs

Which group gave rise to dinosaurs?

A

Early archosaurs

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8
Q

Origin of Dinosaurs

Which group includes birds and crocodiles today, and had dinosaurs as ancestors?

A

Early archosaurs

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9
Q

Origin of Dinosaurs

What is the term for the 3 step process where one group gave way to another?

A

“Ecological relay”

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10
Q

Origin of Dinosaurs

What does the “Ecological relay” depict?

A

Where one group gave way to another

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11
Q

Origin of Dinosaurs

What alternative theory did Michael J. Benton argue in 1983 against the Romer-Colbert model?

A

That climate change killed of Rhynchosaurs and early archosaurs, which lead to dry conditions, giving rise to dinosaurs

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12
Q

Origin of Dinosaurs

Who presented the ecological relay model for the origin of dinosaurs and what was its name?

A

Al Romer and Ned Colbert - the “Romer - Colbert relay model”

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13
Q

Ecology & Origin of Dinosaurs

What did Dr Alan Charig argue was evidence for the Romer-Colbert model? (re physicality of the groups)

A

Synapsids and rhynchosaurs were sprawlers, dinosaurs were upright and therefore must have out-competed them

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14
Q

Ecology & Origin of Dinosaurs

What were the issues with Dr Alan Charig’s evidence to back up the Romer-Colbert model?

A

The fossils and rocks from that time don’t support that theory, dinosaurs take over was rapid according to the fossils

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15
Q

Origin of Dinosaurs

What was Dr Alan Charig’s position in 1983?

A

Head of the dinosaur section at the Natural History museum London

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16
Q

Rhynchosaurs

Rhynchosaurs - carnivorous and herbivorous?

A

Herbivorous

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17
Q

Rhynchosaurs

Rhynchosaurs - what was the most abundant type?

A

Hyperodapedon

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18
Q

Rhynchosaurs

What group of early reptiles did Hyperodapedon belong to?

A

Rhynchosaurs

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19
Q

Rhynchosaurs

Who used PVC moulds for dinosaur bone analysis?

A

Alick D. Walker

20
Q

Rhynchosaurs

What university did Alick D. Walker work for?

A

University of Newcastle

21
Q

Rhynchosaurs

Rhynchosaur notable physicality’s

A

Wide skull, jaws that acted as sheers - like pen knife action to sheer food rather than chew

22
Q

Rhynchosaurs

Rhynchosaur - where found?

A

Worldwide; Scotland, Brazil, Argentina, India, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Canada, US.

23
Q

What was the First Dinosaur?

Rhynchosaur - fossils found to exist at the same time as what?

A

Early dinosaurs

24
Q

What was the First Dinosaur?

Previously thought - 2000 who found what they initially thought were the earliest dinosaurs? Where were they found?

A

Al Romer - Ischigualasto formation of Argentina

25
Q

What was the First Dinosaur?

Where does Ischigualasto country lie in sight of?

A

The Andes mountains

26
Q

What was the First Dinosaur?

Where in Ischigualasto are the fossil beds located?

A

Ischigualasto Provisional park located in Valle de la Luna

27
Q

What was the First Dinosaur?

What does Valle de la Luna mean?

A

Valley of the Moon

28
Q

What was the First Dinosaur?

2000 - What fossils did Romer find that were likely to feed on Rhynchosaurs?

A

Herrerasaurus

29
Q

What was the First Dinosaur?

Was Herrerasaurus a dinosaur or an early reptile?

A

Dinosaur

30
Q

**What was the First Dinosaur?

2000 - Which dinosaur did Romer discover existed at the same time as Rhynchosaurs?

A

Herrerasaurus

31
Q

What was the First Dinosaur?

Describe physicality’s of Herrerasaurus

A

Large bipeds

32
Q

What was the First Dinosaur?

What are the feeding habits of Herrerasaurus?

A

Carnivores - fed on Rhynchosaurs

33
Q

What was the First Dinosaur?

Previously thought - 2003 which dinosaur was discovered in Poland?

A

Silesaurus

34
Q

What was the First Dinosaur?

2003 Who discovered the Silesaurus in Poland?

A

Jerzy Dzik

35
Q

What was the First Dinosaur?

2003 Which dinosaur did Jerzy Dzik discover in Poland?

A

Silesaurus

36
Q

What was the First Dinosaur?

Silesaurus physicality’s

A

Long and thin, erect posture, long neck

37
Q

What was the First Dinosaur?

Silesaurus feeding habits

A

Herbivore

38
Q

What was the First Dinosaur?

What did the discovery of Silesaurus lead to?

A

A new group Silesauridae - nearest relative of dinosaur

39
Q

What was the First Dinosaur?

2010 What was discovered from the Manda formation of Tanzania?

A

Silesaurid (Asilisaurus being the oldest silesaurid)

40
Q

What was the First Dinosaur?

What is the oldest silesaurid?

A

Asilisaurus

41
Q

What was the First Dinosaur?

What lake is the formation of Tanzania near?

A

Lake Malawi

42
Q

Macroecology of Dinosaur Origins

What is the term for the largest mass extinction of all time?

A

The Permian-Triassic mass extinction

43
Q

What was the First Dinosaur?

What is the Permian-Triassic mass extinction dubbed as?

A

The largest mass extinction of all time?

44
Q

What was the First Dinosaur?

What caused the Permian-Triassic mass extinction

A

Volcanic eruptions in Serbia / acid rain conditions

45
Q

What was the First Dinosaur?

Why are the previous origin of dinosaur competition-based theories now rebuked?

A

Rhynchosaurs fossils suddenly disappeared at a certain age of rock, indicating sudden death and not dwindling numbers resulting from competition

46
Q
A

Dinosaurs (2 decks)

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