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Physics 3 > Origin of the Chemical Elements > Flashcards

Origin of the Chemical Elements Flashcards

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1
Q

At the time of the Big Bang, what was energy converted into?

A

Matter and anti-matter

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2
Q

Was more matter or anti-matter produced during the Big Bang?

A

Matter

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3
Q

What did the matter and anti-matter do, and what did it produce?

A

Most anti-matter annihilated with matter to produce energy

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4
Q

What happened to remaining matter if it wasn’t annihilated?

A

It was scattered in all directions

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5
Q

What was the initial elemental composition of the universe?

A

75% hydrogen, 25% helium and very small quantities of other elements

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6
Q

How were protons and neutrons created?

A

Quarks clumped together

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7
Q

How were hydrogen atoms formed during the Big Bang?

A

Protons captured electrons

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8
Q

How are stars formed?

A

Gravity pulls hydrogen and helium together

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9
Q

Where were heavier elements formed after the Big Bang?

A

In stars

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10
Q

How were planets formed?

A

Stars burned out and exploded, expelling heavier elements such as Carbon and oxygen, that formed planets

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11
Q

For how long will the sun go on to produce energy?

A

4.5 billion years

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12
Q

What is nuclear fusion?

A

Hydrogen atoms fusing together, under intense pressure and temperatures, to form helium

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13
Q

What name is given to a star that is stable?

A

Main sequence

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14
Q

What is a brown dwarf?

A

A failed star

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15
Q

What two forces act on a star?

A

Gravity and solar radiation pressure

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16
Q

What is a nebulae?

A

A cloud of gas and dust

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17
Q

What is a protostar?

A

Formed when the gas cloud collapses under its own gravity and hydrogen undergoes fusion

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18
Q

What is a yellow dwarf?

A

A star where the solar radiation pressure acting out equals the heaving acting inwards. The stable stage of a star

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19
Q

Describe a black dwarf star

A

Very cool stage where no light is given out

20
Q

Describe the blue giant stage of a star

A

Solar radiation pressure acting out equals the gravity acting inwards, this is the stable stage

21
Q

What is a red supergiant?

A

Where the star runs out of hydrogen. Solar radiation pressure becomes larger than gravity and the star expands and cools

22
Q

What is a supernova?

A

When a star runs out of fuel completely it becomes unstable, collapses and blows off its outer layer in an enormous explosion

23
Q

Where do all elements with a mass greater than iron come from?

A

Supernovas

24
Q

What is a neutron star?

A

The remains of a large exploding star, very dense

25
Q

What is a black hole?

A

What remains after the most massive stars have exploded. The pull of gravity is so strong that not even light can escape

26
Q

How were protons and neutrons created?

A

Quarks clumped together

27
Q

How were hydrogen atoms formed during the Big Bang?

A

Protons captured electrons

28
Q

How are stars formed?

A

Gravity pulls hydrogen and helium together

29
Q

Where were heavier elements formed after the Big Bang?

A

In stars

30
Q

How were planets formed?

A

Stars burned out and exploded, expelling heavier elements such as Carbon and oxygen, that formed planets

31
Q

For how long will the sun go on to produce energy?

A

4.5 billion years

32
Q

What is nuclear fusion?

A

Hydrogen atoms fusing together, under intense pressure and temperatures, to form helium

33
Q

What name is given to a star that is stable?

A

Main sequence

34
Q

What is a brown dwarf?

A

A failed star

35
Q

What two forces act on a star?

A

Gravity and solar radiation pressure

36
Q

What is a nebulae?

A

A cloud of gas and dust

37
Q

What is a protostar?

A

Formed when the gas cloud collapses under its own gravity and hydrogen undergoes fusion

38
Q

What is a yellow dwarf?

A

A star where the solar radiation pressure acting out equals the heaving acting inwards. The stable stage of a star

39
Q

Describe a black dwarf star

A

Very cool stage where no light is given out

40
Q

Describe the blue giant stage of a star

A

Solar radiation pressure acting out equals the gravity acting inwards, this is the stable stage

41
Q

What is a red supergiant?

A

Where the star runs out of hydrogen. Solar radiation pressure becomes larger than gravity and the star expands and cools

42
Q

What is a supernova?

A

When a star runs out of fuel completely it becomes unstable, collapses and blows off its outer layer in an enormous explosion

43
Q

Where do all elements with a mass greater than iron come from?

A

Supernovas

44
Q

What is a neutron star?

A

The remains of a large exploding star, very dense

45
Q

What is a black hole?

A

What remains after the most massive stars have exploded. The pull of gravity is so strong that not even light can escape

Physics 3 (3 decks)

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