Origin of Cells Flashcards
How did the first cells come to exist?
When lipids enclosed enzymes and DNA.
Why do phospholipids spontaneously form spheres?
The hydrophobic ends move to face each other because it protects them from the water, while the hydrophilic ends turn to face the water.
What are present day prokaryotes made of?
A plasma membrane enclosing DNA and enzymes.
How were internal structures in cells first formed?
Infoldings of the plasma membrane turned into internal structures.
How were mitochondria first formed?
A eukaryotic cell ate an aerobic bacterium that closely resembles modern day ricksetta bacteria.
What do mitochondria have that indicates they may have been a victim of phagocytosis?
Mitochondria have a second membrane.
How were chloroplasts first formed?
A eukaryotic cell ingested a photosynthetic bacterium.
Which organelles grow and divide independently from the rest of the cell?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts.
