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Biomechanics - Anatomy > Origin, Insertion, Action and Exercises of each Muscle > Flashcards

Origin, Insertion, Action and Exercises of each Muscle Flashcards

1
Q

4 Muscles of the Rotator Cuff

A

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

Teres Minor

Subscapularis

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2
Q

Muscles of the Deltoid

A

Anterior - Red

Middle - Green

Posterior - Blue

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3
Q

Anterior Deltoid (All)

A
  • Origin: Outer third of clavicle
  • Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
  • Action: Flexion, horizontal adduction, medial rotation
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4
Q

Middle Deltoid (All)

A
  • Origin: Top of acromion
  • Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
  • Action: Abduction, horizontal abduction
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5
Q

Posterior Deltoid (All)

A
  • Origin: Scapular spine
  • Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
  • Action: Extension, horizontal abduction, lateral rotation
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6
Q

Muscles of the Pectoralis Major

A

Clavicular

Sternal

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7
Q

Clavicular Pectoralis Major (All)

A
  • Origin: Medial two-thirds of clavicle
  • Insertion: Lateral aspect of interbercular groove of the humerus
  • Action: Flexion, horizonal adduction, medial rotation
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8
Q

Sternal Pectoralis Major (All)

A
  • Origin: Anterior sternum and cartilage of the first six ribs
  • Insertion: Lateral aspect of interbecular groove of the humerus
  • Action: Extension, adduction, horizontal adduction, medial rotation
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9
Q

Primary Action of Supraspinatus

A

*Muscle of the rotator cuff

Assists abduction and assists with lateral rotation

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10
Q

Latissumus Dorsi (All)

A
  • Origin: Lower 6 thoracic, all lower lumbar vertebrae, posterior sacrum, iliac crest and lower 3 ribs
  • Insertion: Anterior aspect of interbecular groove
  • Action: Extension, adduction, horizontal abduction and medial rotation
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11
Q

Primary Action of Teres Major

A

Assist in extention, adduction, medial rotation of the humerus

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12
Q

Primary Action of Infraspinatus

A

* Muscle of the rotator cuff

Lateral rotation and horizontal abduction

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13
Q

Primary Action of Teres Minor

A

* Muscle of the rotator cuff

Lateral rotation, horizontal abduction

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14
Q

Primary Action of Subscapularis

A

* Muscle of the rotator cuff

Medial rotation

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15
Q

Muscles of the Biceps Brachii

A

Long Head - Red

Short Head - Green

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16
Q

Long Head Bicep Brachii (All)

A
  • Origin: Upper rim of glenoid fossa
  • Insertion: Radial tuberosity
  • Action: Assists with abduction
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17
Q

Short Head Bicep Brachii (All)

A
  • Origin: Coracoid process of the scapula
  • Insertion: Radial tuberosity
  • Action: Assists with flexion, adduction, medial rotation, horizontal adduction
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18
Q

Primary Action of Brachioradialis

A

Flexion, pronation and supination

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19
Q

Primary Action of Brachialis

A

Flexion

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20
Q

2 heads of Pronator Teres

A

Humeral Head

Ulnar Head

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21
Q

Primary Action of Humeral Head (Pronator Teres)

A

Pronation, assist with flexion

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22
Q

Primary Action of Ulnar Head (Pronator Teres)

A

Pronation, assists with flexion

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23
Q

Primary Action of Supinator

A

Supination

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24
Q

Muscles of the Triceps Brachii

A

Long Head (Red)

Lateral Mead (Yellow)

Medial Head (Green)

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25
Q

Long Head (Triceps Brachii)

A
  • Origin: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
  • Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna
  • Action: Assists with extension and adduction
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26
Q

Lateral Head (All)

A
  • Origin: Upper half of posterior humerus
  • Insertion: Olecranon Process of ulna
  • Action: Extension
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27
Q

Medial Head (All)

A
  • Origin: Lower two-thirds of posterior humerus
  • Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna
  • Action: Assists with extension and adduction
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28
Q

Rectus Abdominis (All)

A
  • Origin: Pubic crest
  • Insertion: Costal cartilage of ribs 5-7
  • Action: Flexion, lateral flexion
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29
Q

External Oblique (All)

A
  • Origin: External Surface of lower 8 ribs
  • Insertion: Linea Alba and anterior iliac crest
  • Action: Lateral flexion, flexion, rotation of lumbar spine to opposite side
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30
Q

Internal Oblique (All)

A
  • Origin: Linea Alba and lower 4 ribs
  • Insertion: Inguinal ligament, iliac crest, lumbodorsal fascia
  • Action: Flexion, lateral flexion, rotation of lumbar spine to same side
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31
Q

Primary Action of Splenius (Capitis and Cervicis)

A

Extension, lateral flexion, rotation of cervical spine to same side

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32
Q

Primary Action of Erector Spinae

A

Extension, lateral flexion, rotation of lumbar spine to opposite side

33
Q

Primary Action of Deep Spinal Muscles

A

Extension, lateral flexion, rotation of lumbar spine to opposite side (don’t need to know all of them)

34
Q

Primary Action of Sternocleidomastoid

A

Flexion of neck, extension of head, lateral flexion, rotation to opposite side

35
Q

Primary Action of Levator Scapulae

A

Lateral flexion

36
Q

Primary Action of Quadratus Lumborum

A

Lateral Flexion

37
Q

Primary Action of Psoas Major

38
Q

Trapezius (All)

A
  • Origin: Nuchal ligament, nuchal line, spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T12
  • Insertion: Posterior border of the lateral 1/3 of the clavicle, acromion process and spine of the scapula
  • Action: Rotation, retraction, elevation and depression of scapula
39
Q

Rhomboids (All)

A
  • Origin: Nuchal ligament, spinous processes of the C7-T5 vertebrae
  • Insertion: Medial border of the scapula
  • Action: Pulls scapula medialls, rotates scapula
40
Q

Primary Action of Serratus Anterior

A

Protracts scapula and assists in upward rotation

41
Q

Forearm Flexor Muscles

A
  1. Flexor Carpi Radialis
  2. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
  3. Palmarus Longus
  4. Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
  5. Flexor Digitorum Profundus
42
Q

Primary Action of Flexor Carpi Radialis

A

Flexion and abduction of wrist

43
Q

Primary Action of Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

A

Flexion and adduction of wrist

44
Q

Primary Action of Palmarus Longus

A

Wrist flexion

45
Q

Primary Action Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

A

Flexion of fingers

46
Q

Primary Action of Flexor Digitorum Profundus

A

Flexion of fingers

47
Q

Primary Action of Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

A

Extension and abduction

48
Q

Primary Action of Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

A

Extension and abduction

49
Q

Primary Action of Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

A

Extension and adduction

50
Q

Primary Action of Extensor Digitorum

A

Extention of wrist and fingers

51
Q

Primary Action of Extensor Digitiminimi

A

Extend wrist and little finger

52
Q

Muscles that make up the hamstrings

A

Biceps femoris

Semimembranosus

Semitendinosus

53
Q

Muscles that make up the quadriceps

A

Rectus femoris, vatus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius

54
Q

Rectus femoris (all)

A
  • Origin: anterior inferior iliac spine
  • Insertion: patella
  • Primary Action: Flexion
55
Q

Iliacus (all)

A
  • Origin: Iliac fossa
  • Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur
  • Primary action: flexion, lateral rotation
56
Q

Psoas (all)

A
  • Origin: 12th thoracic and all lumbar verebrae
  • Insertion: lesser trochanger of femur
  • Primary action: flexion, lateral rotation
57
Q

Primary Action of Pectinius

A

Assists with flexion, adduction, medial rotation

58
Q

Sartorius* (all)

A

*longest muscle in the body

  • Origin: Anterior, superior iliac spine
  • Insertion: Pes anserine
  • Primary action: assists with flexion, abduction and lateral rotation
59
Q

Primary Action of Tensor Fascia Latae

A

Assists with flexion, abduction, medial rotation

60
Q

Gluteus Maximus (all)

A
  • Origin: posterior ilium, iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx
  • Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity of femur and IT band
  • Primary action: extension, lateral rotation
61
Q

Biceps femoris (all)

A
  • Origin: lateral ischial tuberosity
  • Insertion: posterior lateral condyle of tibia and head of fibula
  • Primary Action: extension
62
Q

Semimembranosus (all)

A
  • Origin: lateral ischial tuberosiy
  • Insertion: proximal, medial tibia
  • Primary action: extension
63
Q

Semitendinosus (all)

A
  • Origin: medial ischial tuberosity
  • Insertion: pes anserine
  • Primary action: extension
64
Q

Gluteus Medius (all)

A
  • Origin: gluteal surface
  • Insertion: superior, lateral greater trochanter
  • Primary action: abduction, medial rotation
65
Q

Gluteus Minimus (all)

A
  • Origin: gluteal surface
  • Insertion: anterior surface of greater trochanter
  • Primary action: abduction, medial rotation
66
Q

Adductor Magnus (all)

A
  • Origin: inferior ramus of pubis and ischium
  • Insertion: entire linea aspera and adductor tubercle
  • Primary action: adduction and lateral rotation
67
Q

Adductor Longus (all)

A
  • Origin: anterior pubis
  • Insertion: middle linea aspera
  • Primary action: Adduction and assists with flexion
68
Q

Adductor Brevis (all)

A
  • Origin: Inferior ramus and body of the pubis
  • Insertion: Lesser trochanter and upper liena aspera
  • Primary action: adduction and lateral rotation
69
Q

Primary action of Gracilis*

A

Assists with adduction

*inserts in the pes anserine

70
Q

Vastus Lateralis (all)

A
  • Origin: greater trochanter and lateral linea aspera
  • Insertion: patella
  • Primary action: extension
71
Q

Vastus Intermedius (all)

A
  • Origin: anterior femur
  • Insertion: patella
  • Primary action: extension
72
Q

Vastus medialis (all)

A
  • Origin: Medial linea aspera
  • Insertion: Patella
  • Primary action: extension
73
Q

Gastrocnemis (all)

A
  • Origin: Posterior medial and lateral femoral condyles
  • Insertion: Tuberosity of calcaneus
  • Primary Action: Flexion of knee
74
Q

Tibialis Anterior (all)

A
  • Origin: Upper 2/3 of lateral tibia
  • Insertion: medial surface of medial cuneiform
  • Primary action: dorsiflexion, inversion
75
Q

Primary action of the extensor digitorum longus

A

Toe extension, dorsiflexion, eversion

76
Q

Primary action of the Peronius Tertius

A

Dorsiflexion, eversion

77
Q

Soleus (all)

A
  • Origin: Posterior proximal fibula and proximal 2/3 of posterior tibia
  • Insertion: tuberosity of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
  • Primary action: Plantar flexion
78
Q

3 Muscles that insert in the pes anserine

A

Gracilis, Semitendinosus and Sartorius

Biomechanics - Anatomy (1 decks)

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