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BC > organsimos > Flashcards

organsimos Flashcards

1
Q

problems plants face in dunes

A
  • salinity = water loss
  • wind exposure
  • mobile substratum
  • drought
  • sand abrasion
  • low resources
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2
Q

how do plants cope with low water availability

A
  • salt glands (to release extra salt)
  • high osmotic pressure (less difference form mean)
  • cam metabolism
  • estomas interior
  • pelos = - SA
  • folhas enroladas
    -folhs suculentas = - stress hidrico
    -cera = impermeabiliza
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3
Q

how do plants cope with erosion

A

o tecido rígido (células mortas)

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4
Q

how do plants cope with lack of nutrients

A

o crescimento lento- limitar o uso de recursos

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5
Q

how do plants cope with too much sunlight

A

white hairs helps with light reflection

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6
Q

zonation

A

distribution of organisms through the beach

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7
Q

what is zonation based on

A

abiotic
biotic factors
tolerance of organisms (even in 1 place, there can be big changes in ph, temp, salinity…)

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8
Q

what do most organisms do when stressed

A

burry

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9
Q

where on earth there are + organisms

A

equador

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10
Q

who dominates temperate and calm locations

A

bivalves

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11
Q

what do buriers do

A

 inject water out as they push down
 water dependent – need of humidity and death of drought
 low tide – can dry and asphyxiate,
 when waves crash = + pressure (waves bomb water into sand) (oxygen is not a limitant factor)
 move with the shoreline because fish and brids (predators) don’t predate commonly there
 to escape predators
 can come out at night

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12
Q

is oxygen a limiting factor to buriers

A

notif there is lot of waves

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13
Q

common predators

A

birds, fish and other invertebrates (crabs, insects) mammals and reptiles

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14
Q

the intertidal consumers diversity, when there is + wave height

A

= + biodiversity

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15
Q

consumers:
macro – intertidal superior e inferior

A

superior – anfípodes e crabs
inferior – poliquetas anfípodes e bivalves

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16
Q

survival mech of animals in cliffs to what factor

A

direct sunlight and high salinity

17
Q

muddy sand problem to organisms

A

oxygen (organisms that are anoxic release bad odors)

18
Q

what is survival charact of mollusks

A

iron deposits to make them heavy and not susceptible to water mov

19
Q

what is survival charact of o sand dollars

A

accumulate Fe

20
Q

habits and circadian rhythms

A

 scototaxis – attraction of dark areas
 phototaxis – light areas attraction
 lecitotrophs – only eat egg yolk
 planctotrophs – eat plankton
 usage of full moon = maré vivas -> to lay eggs and these will be washed in the next maré viva = protection against being washed

21
Q

common birds

A

limícolas

22
Q

algae present

A

 diatoms in surf zone, but also with their mucus production they become part of the sediments
 macrofitas – washed from the water; plastic can also be carried with these big floating strands, can act as shelter for small organisms as well as food source for herbivorous invertebrates, most common:
 sargassum - from currents from gulf
 rugulopteryx

23
Q

how is N incorporated into food loop

A
  • kelp – 96% nitrogen from the algae can be incorporated into microbial biomass
24
Q

who consumes most dead algae in shores

A

bacteria

25
Q

what is a dissipative food webb

A

= loss of energy (not circular) – nutrients are limitant factors

26
Q

name for animals that live in middle of sediments

A

infauna

27
Q

macroalgas estão geralmente ausentes à excepção

A

Ulva e Enteromorpha

28
Q

praias de maior energia, os produtores primários são

A

diatoms bentónicas e fitoplâncton

29
Q

riqueza específica tende a aumentar com a —– da exposição

A

diminuição

30
Q

maiores biomassas encontram-se em praias

A

expostas

31
Q

principais carnívoros invert

A

poliquetas
crustáceos
gastrópodes

32
Q

A fauna é dominada por representantes de três grupos de invertebrados:

A

poliquetas, bivalves e crustáceos

33
Q

principais aves

A

borrelho
maçarico
gaivota

34
Q

zonas temperadas com tendência para
apresentarem larvas

A

lecitotróficas

35
Q

regiões
tropicais a apresentarem larvas

A

plantonicas

36
Q

espécies ripícolas o que são e ex

A

choupo e salgueiro

nas zonas humidas das dunas

37
Q

orifícios na areia

A

galerias dos poliqueta

38
Q

meiofauna e ex

A

abaixo de meio mil

copépodes
gastrotrica
Foraminifera
cnidários
Plathelminthes
Gnathostomulida

39
Q

Espécie que fica dunas primárias

A

Estorno

BC (5 decks)

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