Organs of speech / speech mechanism Flashcards
Egressive pulmonic airstream
Outgoing stream of air produced by the lungs
Articulatory phonetics
The study of the anatomical bits and pieces (articulators) that are used to articulate.
Name the organs of speech (groups)
Location System
Head Articulatory system
Throat Phonatory system
Chest Respiratory system
Match the location with the system
Head -
Throat -
Chest -
Location System
Head Articulatory system
Throat Phonatory system
Chest Respiratory system
Paralinguistic features
Sounds, gestures, expressions etc. that functions alongside speech.
List the manners of articulation
- Closure / stops
- Friction
- Approximation
- Nasality
What is closure / stops?
When air is blocked by a closure e.g. Glottal closure, dental closure.
What is friction?
When air molecules are being forced between a narrow space so they rub against each other.
What is approximation?
When air molecules are close to each other but not close enough to create friction
What is Nasality?
When the nasal cavity Is closed off
List the places of articulation
- The lips
- The alveolar ridge
- The velum
Active vs. passive articulators
Active – moves one or more speech organs.
Passive – does not move any organs of speech.
Voice vs voiceless articulation
Voice - has vibration
Voiceless - has no vibration
What is the three cavities of the articulatory system?
Throat / pharynx – pharyngal cavity (Located directly above the larynx) Mouth – oral cavity (The space inside the mouth) Nose – nasal cavity (The space inside the nose)
Where is the alveolar ridge located?
The roof of the mouth behind front teeth
Where is the hard palette / palatum located?
The smooth, hard part behind the alveolar ridge
Where is the soft palette / Velum located?
Further back, behind the hard palate (where you feel a gag-reflex)
What is the uvula?
The lump at the end of the velum (DA: drøbel)
What are the five portions of the tongue?
Tip, blade, front, back, root.
What is the glottis?
The space between the vocal chords
What is a velic closure?
When the back of the tongue touches the velum and closes off the nasal cavity.
Describe alveolar articulations
The tongue tip / blade is in contact / close contact with the upper alveolar ridge.
To create a velic closure, the velum is ….
a) Raised
b) Lowered
Answer: The velum is raised
The velum switches the airstream to flow in one of two ways - What are they?
- Soft palette raised, velic closure: Into the mouth
2. Soft palette lowered, no velic closure: Out through the nose.
