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Zoology M2 > Organs and its Function > Flashcards

Organs and its Function Flashcards

1
Q

The _____ is the body’s control center. It forms the core of the central nervous system by creating, sending, and processing nerve impulses, thoughts, emotions, physical sensations, and more

A

Brain

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2
Q

The _____ is the most important organ of the circulatory system, which helps deliver blood to the body

A

Heart

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3
Q

The _____ works with the heart to oxygenate blood. They do this by extracting oxygen from inhaled air and exhaling carbon dioxide released from the tissues

A

Lungs

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4
Q

The __________ are a pair of bean-shaped organs, They help filter blood and remove waste from the body

A

Kidneys

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5
Q

The __________ is located in the upper left portion of the abdomen. It has two important roles: It functions as both an exocrine gland and an endocrine gland

A

Pancreas

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6
Q

__________ __________ of the pancreas produces enzymes a person needs to help digest their food and convert it into energy

A

Exocrine gland

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7
Q

__________ __________ is part of the pancreas that also produces and releases insulin, which helps the body remove glucose from the blood and convert it into energy

A

Endocrine gland

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8
Q

The _____ are a group of tubes that help filter out waste, absorb water and certain electrolytes, and digest food

A

Intestines

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9
Q

The _____ _____ _____ is referred to as “central” because it combines information from the entire body and coordinates activity across the whole organism

A

(CNS) Central Nervous System

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10
Q

The __________ __________ is a system of organs that enable a person to reproduce and experience sexual pleasure

A

Reproductive System

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11
Q

The __________ __________ is a system that filters blood and create urine as a waste by-product

A

Urinary System

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11
Q

This systems main job __________ __________ is to move fresh air into your body while removing waste

A

Respiratory System

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12
Q

The __________ __________ is a system part of the circulatory system. It helps maintain the body’s fluid balance by collecting excess fluid and other particles from the blood

A

Lymphatic System

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12
Q

__________ __________ provides the body with structure and the means for movement

A

Musculoskeletal system

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13
Q

__________ __________ protects your body from infection and injuries you could get from your external environment

A

Integumentary system

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14
Q

The __________ __________ is a system of glands throughout the body. These glands release important chemicals called hormones, which help regulate the function of virtually every organ and organ system in the body

A

Endocrine System

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15
Q

During digestion, __________ makes juices called enzymes. These enzymes break down sugars, fats, and starches. it also helps your digestive system by making hormones

A

Pancreas

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16
Q

__________ __________ controls the speed of your metabolism (metabolic rate), which is the process of how your body transforms the food you consume into energy

A

Thyroid Glands

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17
Q

__________ _________ produces hormones that help regulate your metabolism, immune system, blood pressure, response to stress and other essential functions

A

Adrenal Glands

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18
Q

__________ _________ produces and releases several hormones that help carry out important bodily functions, including: Growth. Metabolism (how your body transforms and manages the energy from the food you eat)

A

Pituitary Gland

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19
Q

__________ hormone, plays a key role in the regulation of calcium levels in the blood

A

Parathyroid

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20
Q

Structure deep in your brain, __________ acts as your body’s smart control coordinating center. Its main function is to keep your body in a stable state called homeostasis

A

Hypothalamus

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21
Q

__________ __________ receives information about the state of the light-dark cycle from the environment and convey this information by the production and secretion of the hormone melatonin

A

Pineal gland

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22
Q

__________ produce and store your eggs and make hormones that control your menstrual cycle and pregnancy

A

Ovaries

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23
Q

_____ are responsible for making sperm and are also involved in producing a hormone called testosterone

A

Testes

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24
Q

This system __________ __________ helps the body prevent infections and fights them off when they do occur

A

Immune System

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25
Q

The __________ __________ is a system of organs that digest food, as well as the various structures within that release substances to aid digestion and absorption

A

Digestive System

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26
Q

_____is where digestion begins. When you chew food, your salivary glands make saliva (spit)

A

Mouth

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27
Q

Make saliva, __________ __________ helps moisten food so we can swallow it more easily

A

Salivary Glands

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28
Q

__________ allow for the passage of material from the mouth and throat to the stomach

A

Esophagus

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29
Q

__________ stores and concentrates bile from the liver. The bile is then released into the first section of the small intestine (the duodenum), where it helps your body to break down and absorb fats from food

A

Gallbladder

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30
Q

_____ digests and to make and secrete bile and to process and purify the blood containing newly absorbed nutrients that are coming from the small intestine

A

Liver

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31
Q

__________ __________ moves more water from your GI tract into your bloodstream

A

Large Intestines

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31
Q

__________ holds the food and mixes it with acid and enzymes that continue to break the food down into a liquid or paste

A

Stomach

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31
Q

_____ __________ moves water from your bloodstream into your GI tract to help break down food. it also absorbs water with other nutrients

A

Small Intestines

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32
Q

__________ is a place for our body to store certain healthy types of gut bacteria that otherwise could be altered or changed during an intestinal illness or with overuse of antibiotics

A

Appendix

33
Q

__________ stores stool until it pushes stool out of your anus during a bowel movement

A

Rectum

34
Q

_____ detect rectal contents, whether they are liquid, gas or solid, and then control when stool should and shouldn’t be excreted from your body

A

Anus

35
Q

The __________ includes the many blood vessels circulating throughout the body. It includes veins, arteries, capillaries, venules, and arterioles

A

Circulatory System

36
Q

The _____ is the body’s largest organ, the integumentary system helps regulate body temperature, protect the body from dangerous pathogens, make vitamin D from sunlight, and provide sensory input

A

Skin

37
Q

_____ are the visual sensory organs in our body, which are sensitive to light images

A

Eyes

38
Q

Part of your circulatory (cardiovascular) system, __________ are the blood vessels that bring oxygen-rich blood from your heart to all of your body’s cells

A

Arteries

39
Q

_____ gives shape and supports the body. They give protection to some organs. serves as a storage site for minerals

A

Bones

39
Q

Carries air to and from your lungs. The ___________ also help moisturize the air you breathe and screen out foreign particles. Your airways are lined with cells that create mucus.

A

Bronchi

40
Q

It is the blood cell ‘factory’. Healthy __________ releases blood cells into the bloodstream when they are mature and when required

A

Bone Marrow

41
Q

__________ gives the sensation of sexual pleasure

A

Clitoris

42
Q

__________ __________ contribute to the final volume of semen by producing a lubricating mucus secretion

A

Bulbourethral Glands

42
Q

_____ removes water and some nutrients and electrolytes from partially digested food

A

Colon

43
Q

_____ allows fluids, such as menstrual blood, to pass from the uterus into the vagina

A

Cervix

44
Q

The __________ also takes waste products away from your tissues

A

Capillaries

44
Q

_____ have two main functions: hearing and balance

A

Ears

44
Q

The __________ has special sensors that detect shifts in balance and movement. It sends signals for the body to adjust and move

A

Cerebellum

45
Q

The __________ is a muscle that helps you inhale and exhale (breathe in and out)

A

Diaphragm

46
Q

__________ protects the internal parts from infection and allow sperm to enter your vagina

A

Genitals

46
Q

__________ __________ functions as channels for oocyte transport and fertilization

A

Fallopian Tubes

47
Q

__________ is a highly dynamic and complex structure whose physical properties exert profound influences on fluid and solute exchange and the behavior of tissue cells

A

Interstitium

48
Q

_____ allow our bodies to move in many ways

A

Joints

48
Q

__________ primary function is to secrete milk

A

Mammary Glands

49
Q

__________ protects the lower respiratory tract from aspirating food into the trachea while breathing

A

Larynx

50
Q

__________ suspends the small and large intestine from the posterior abdominal wall

A

Mesentery

50
Q

__________ stabilizes the joint or hold the ends of two bones together

A

Ligaments

51
Q

__________ __________ Filter substances that travel through the lymphatic fluid

A

Lymph Nodes

51
Q

_____ send electrical signals that help you feel sensations and move your muscles

A

Nerves

51
Q

__________ __________ Regulate fluid homeostasis, assist in immune surveillance, and transport dietary lipids

A

Lymphatic Vessel

52
Q

The _____ functions by protecting the digits and contributing to tactile sensation

A

Nails

52
Q

The _____ warms, conditions and filters the air you breathe

A

Nose

53
Q

The __________ __________ filters and warm the air, and make it moist before it goes into the lungs

A

Nasal Cavity

54
Q

The _____ is the male organ used for urination and sexual intercourse

A

Penis

55
Q

__________ supports your respiratory and digestive systems, Routes air coming in your nose and mouth down to your larynx (voice box), which, in turn, moves air to your trachea and lungs

A

Pharynx

56
Q

__________ provides oxygen and nutrients to a developing baby

A

Placenta

57
Q

__________ produces a fluid that, together with sperm cells from the testicles and fluids from other glands, makes up semen

A

Prostate

58
Q

_____ fights invading germs in the blood

A

Spleen

59
Q

__________ protects the Testes

A

Scrotum

60
Q

__________ __________ sends motor commands from the brain to the body, send sensory information from the body to the brain, and coordinate reflexes

A

Spinal Cord

61
Q

__________ __________ allow humans to move and perform daily activities and play an essential role in respiratory mechanics and maintaining posture and balance

A

Skeletal Muscles

62
Q

__________ __________ stores and produce the majority of the fluid that makes up semen

A

Seminal Vesicles

63
Q

__________ __________ helps provide insulation, regulate temperature, and store fat

A

Subcutaneous Tissue

64
Q

_____ an essential part of your digestive system. They help you bite, tear and grind food up before swallowing it

A

Teeth

65
Q

_____ stops germs from entering the body through the mouth or the nose

A

Tonsils

65
Q

__________ connect your muscles to your bones

A

Tendons

66
Q

It is not only very flexible, allowing us to speak, swallow and suck in a coordinated way

A

Tounge

67
Q

_____ allows passage of inspired and expired air into and out of the lung

A

Trachea

68
Q

__________ __________ train special white blood cells called T-lymphocytes or T-cells

A

Thymus Gland

69
Q

These muscular tubes _____ transport urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder

A

Ureters

70
Q

The _____ tube allows urine to pass outside the body

A

Urethra

71
Q

_____ collects oxygen-poor blood and return it to your heart

A

Veins

72
Q

_____ __________ transfers mature sperm to the urethra in preparation for ejaculation

A

Vas Deferens

73
Q

___________ __________ are rudimentary anatomical structures that are retained in a species despite having lost their primary ancestral function

A

Vestigial Organ

Zoology M2 (5 decks)

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