Organs

Question 1

kidney

Answer 1

excretory system
One of a pair of organs in the abdomen. The kidneys remove waste and extra water from the blood (as urine) and help keep chemicals (such as sodium, potassium, and calcium) balanced in the body. The kidneys also make hormones that help control blood pressure and stimulate bone marrow to make red blood cells.

Question 2

thymus

Answer 2

immune system
The thymus gland is a small organ that lies in the upper chest under the breastbone. It makes white blood cells, called lymphocytes, which protect the body against infections.

Question 3

heart

Answer 3

Circulatory system
The heart is a fist-sized organ that pumps blood throughout your body. It’s the primary organ of your circulatory system.

Question 4

electrical signals

Answer 4

nervous system
An electrical signal is a voltage or current which conveys information, usually it means a voltage. The term can be used for any voltage or current in a circuit. Alternating Current (AC) flows one way, then the other way, continually reversing direction.

Question 5

colon

Answer 5

digestive system

The colon’s job is to dehydrate what’s left of the food and form it into stool. It does this by slowly absorbing water and electrolytes as its muscle system moves the waste along. Meanwhile, bacteria living in your colon feed on the waste and break it down further, completing the chemical part of the digestive process.

Question 6

ureter

Answer 6

excritory system
the duct by which urine passes from the kidney to the bladder or cloaca.

Question 7

osteoclasts

Answer 7

skeletal
cells that degrade bone to initiate normal bone remodeling and mediate bone loss in pathologic conditions by increasing their resorptive activity.

Question 8

ovary

Answer 8

female reproductive system
One of a pair of female glands in which the eggs form and the female hormones estrogen and progesterone are made.

Question 9

fallopian tube

Answer 9

female reproductive system
(in a female mammal) either of a pair of tubes along which eggs travel from the ovaries to the uterus.

Question 10

spleen

Answer 10

immune system

It fights any invading germs in the blood (the spleen contains infection-fighting white blood cells). It controls the level of blood cells. The spleen controls the level of white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets (small cells that form blood clots).

Question 11

platelets

Answer 11

circulatory system

Platelets, or thrombocytes, are small, colorless cell fragments in our blood that form clots and stop or prevent bleeding.

Question 12

veins

Answer 12

circulatory system
blood vessels located throughout your body that collect oxygen-poor blood and return it to your heart. Veins are part of your circulatory system. They work together with other blood vessels and your heart to keep your blood moving. Veins hold most of the blood in your body.

Question 13

gallbladder

Answer 13

digestive system
The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile from the liver. The bile is then released into the first section of the small intestine (the duodenum), where it helps your body to break down and absorb fats from food.

Question 14

RBC (red blood cells)

Answer 14

circulatory system
A type of blood cell that is made in the bone marrow and found in the blood. Red blood cells contain a protein called hemoglobin, which carries oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the body.

Question 15

frontal lobe

Answer 15

nervous system
The frontal lobe is part of the frontal cortex. It is a part of the brain that plays a role in memory, attention, judgment, and other vital functions. Damage to the frontal lobe can occur as a result of dementia, a traumatic injury, multiple sclerosis, a brain tumor, or a stroke.

Question 16

adrenaline

Answer 16

Nervous system
Adrenaline is produced in the medulla in the adrenal glands as well as some of the central nervous system’s neurons. Within a couple of minutes during a stressful situation, adrenaline is quickly released into the blood, sending impulses to organs to create a specific response.

Question 17

lungs

Answer 17

respiratory system
the pair of spongy, pinkish-gray organs in your chest. When you inhale (breathe in), air enters your lungs, and oxygen from that air moves to your blood. At the same time, carbon dioxide, a waste gas, moves from your blood to the lungs and is exhaled (breathed out).

Question 18

tibia

Answer 18

skeletal system
The tibia is the shinbone, the larger of the two bones in the lower leg. The top of the tibia connects to the knee joint and the bottom connects to the ankle joint. Although this bone carries the majority of the body’s weight, it still needs the support of the fibula.

Question 19

hemoglobin

Answer 19

circulatory system
a protein in your red blood cells that carries oxygen to your body’s organs and tissues and transports carbon dioxide from your organs and tissues back to your lungs. If a hemoglobin test reveals that your hemoglobin level is lower than normal, it means you have a low red blood cell count (anemia).

Question 20

axon

Answer 20

nervous system

Image result for axon
Each neuron in your brain has one long cable that snakes away from the main part of the cell. This cable, several times thinner than a human hair, is called an axon, and it is where electrical impulses from the neuron travel away to be received by other neurons.

Question 21

duodenum

Answer 21

Digestive System
The first part of the small intestine. It connects to the stomach. The duodenum helps to further digest food coming from the stomach. It absorbs nutrients (vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, fats, proteins) and water from food so they can be used by the body.

Question 22

urethra

Answer 22

excretory system
the duct by which urine is conveyed out of the body from the bladder, and which in male vertebrates also conveys semen.

Question 23

lobes

Answer 23

A portion of an organ, such as the liver, lung, thyroid, or brain.

Question 24

bladder

Answer 24

excretory system

The bladder is a subperitoneal, hollow muscular organ that acts as a reservoir for urine. The bladder is located in the lesser pelvis when empty and extends into the abdominal cavity when full.

Question 25

gametes

Answer 25

reproductive system
a mature haploid male or female germ cell which is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote.

Question 26

diaphragm

Answer 26

respiratory/muscular system
the major muscle of respiration. It is a large, dome-shaped muscle that contracts rhythmically and continually, and most of the time, involuntarily. Upon inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and flattens and the chest cavity enlarges.

Question 27

substantia nigra

Answer 27

nervous system
The substantia nigra (SN) is a part of your brain that helps control your movements. It’s part of the basal ganglia, a group of structures that form connections and circuits throughout your brain. The substantia nigra is important because of its role in your movements and how it influences your brain’s chemistry.

Question 28

glands

Answer 28

endocrine system
An organ that makes one or more substances, such as hormones, digestive juices, sweat, tears, saliva, or milk. Endocrine glands release the substances directly into the bloodstream.

Question 29

liver

Answer 29

Digestive system
The liver processes this blood and breaks down, balances, and creates the nutrients and also metabolizes drugs into forms that are easier to use for the rest of the body or that are nontoxic.

Question 30

antibodies

Answer 30

immune system
a blood protein produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen. Antibodies combine chemically with substances which the body recognizes as alien, such as bacteria, viruses, and foreign substances in the blood.

Question 31

teeth

Answer 31

digestive system
any of the hard, resistant structures occurring on the jaws and in or around the mouth and pharynx areas of vertebrates. Teeth are used for catching and masticating food, for defense, and for other specialized purposes.

Question 32

lymph nodes

Answer 32

immune system
Lymph nodes filter substances that travel through the lymphatic fluid, and they contain lymphocytes (white blood cells) that help the body fight infection and disease. There are hundreds of lymph nodes found throughout the body.

Question 33

cervix

Answer 33

female reproductive system
the narrow passage forming the lower end of the uterus

Question 34

small intestines

Answer 34

digestive system
the part of the intestine that runs between the stomach and the large intestine; the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum collectively.

Question 35

skin

Answer 35

integumentary system
the largest organ of the body. The skin and its derivatives (hair, nails, sweat and oil glands) make up the integumentary system. One of the main functions of the skin is protection. It protects the body from external factors such as bacteria, chemicals, and temperature.

Question 36

neuron

Answer 36

nervous system
Neurons are information messengers. They use electrical impulses and chemical signals to transmit information between different areas of the brain, and between the brain and the rest of the nervous system.

Question 37

B cells

Answer 37

immune system
A type of white blood cell that makes antibodies. B cells are part of the immune system and develop from stem cells in the bone marrow. Also called B lymphocyte.

Question 38

rectum

Answer 38

digestive system
the final section of the large intestine, terminating at the anus.

Question 39

vas deferens

Answer 39

male reproductive system
the duct which conveys sperm from the testicle to the urethra.

Question 40

tendons

Answer 40

muscular system
a cord of strong, flexible tissue, similar to a rope. Tendons connect your muscles to your bones. Tendons let us move our limbs. They also help prevent muscle injury by absorbing some of the impact your muscles take when you run, jump or do other movements. Your body contains thousands of tendons.

Question 41

alveoli

Answer 41

respiratory system
any of the many tiny air sacs of the lungs which allow for rapid gaseous exchange.

Question 42

bone marrow

Answer 42

skeletal
The soft, spongy tissue that has many blood vessels and is found in the center of most bones. There are two types of bone marrow: red and yellow. Red bone marrow contains blood stem cells that can become red blood cells, white blood cells, or platelets.

Question 43

myocytes

Answer 43

muscular system
The muscle cell, also known as the myocyte is the smallest subunit of all muscular tissues and organs throughout the body. It is here in the myocyte, where the physiological steps of muscle contraction and where the pathophysiology of numerous muscular diseases takes place.

Question 44

tonsils

Answer 44

lymphatic/immune system
The tonsils are lymph nodes in the back of the mouth and top of the throat. They help to filter out bacteria and other germs to prevent infection in the body. A bacterial or viral infection can cause tonsillitis. Strep throat is a common cause. The infection may also be seen in other parts of the throat.

Question 45

brain

Answer 45

nervous system
the most complex part of the human body. This three-pound organ is the seat of intelligence, interpreter of the senses, initiator of body movement, and controller of behavior. Lying in its bony shell and washed by protective fluid, the brain is the source of all the qualities that define our humanity.

Question 46

ligaments

Answer 46

Musculoskeletal System
a short band of tough, flexible fibrous connective tissue which connects two bones or cartilages or holds together a joint.

Question 47

plasma

Answer 47

circulatory system
the liquid portion of blood. About 55% of our blood is plasma, and the remaining 45% are red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets that are suspended in the plasma.

Question 48

epinephrine

Answer 48

nervous/immune system
used for emergency treatment of severe allergic reactions (including anaphylaxis) to insect bites or stings, medicines, foods, or other substances. It is also used to treat anaphylaxis caused by unknown substances or triggered by exercise.

Question 49

finger nails

Answer 49

integumentary system
the flattish hard part on the upper surface of the tip of each finger.

Question 50

T cells

Answer 50

immune system
A type of white blood cell. T cells are part of the immune system and develop from stem cells in the bone marrow. They help protect the body from infection and may help fight cancer. Also called T lymphocyte and thymocyte.

Question 51

clavicle

Answer 51

skeletal system
technical term for collarbone.

Question 52

pituitary

Answer 52

nervous system
the major endocrine gland. A pea-sized body attached to the base of the brain, the pituitary is important in controlling growth and development and the functioning of the other endocrine glands.

Question 53

patella

Answer 53

skeletal
The patella (derived from latin means ‘small plate’) is a flat, inverted triangular bone, situated on the front of the knee-joint.

Question 54

esophagus

Answer 54

digestive system
the part of the alimentary canal that connects the throat to the stomach; the gullet. In humans and other vertebrates it is a muscular tube lined with mucous membrane.

Question 55

arteries

Answer 55

circulatory system
any of the muscular-walled tubes forming part of the circulation system by which blood (mainly that which has been oxygenated) is conveyed from the heart to all parts of the body.

Question 56

uterus

Answer 56

female reproductive system
the organ in the lower body of a woman or female mammal where offspring are conceived and in which they gestate before birth; the womb.

Question 57

autonomic

Answer 57

nervous system
involuntary or unconscious; relating to the autonomic nervous system.

Question 58

trachea

Answer 58

respiratory system
a large membranous tube reinforced by rings of cartilage, extending from the larynx to the bronchial tubes and conveying air to and from the lungs; the windpipe.