Organometallics Flashcards

1
Q

What is an L-type ligand?

A

A neutral 2-electron donor

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2
Q

What is an X-type ligand?

A

An anionic 2-electron donor

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3
Q

What does hapticity (greek symbol eta) mean?

A

How many atoms in the ligand are interacting with the metal

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4
Q

What does bridging (greek letter mu) mean?

A

How many metal centres the ligand is bridging

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5
Q

How can we produce transition metal alkyls?

A

Alkylation of metal halides

Electrophilic attack at a nucleophilic centre

Insertion into a metal hydride bonds

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6
Q

What drives the formation of the alkylation of metal halides?

A

Salt elimination is the driving force, which compensates for the weak M-C bonds that are formed

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7
Q

What reagent can be used for the alkylation of metal halides?

A

For example, LiMe (we need a nucleophilic Me group)

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8
Q

What reagent is needed for the synthesis of a TM alkyl from an electrophilic attack at a nucleophilic centre?

A

We need a strong reducing agent e.g. Na/Hg to break a double metal centre, and then we attack with MeI (something with an electrophilic Me group)

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9
Q

Why can TM complexes undergo agostic interactions?

A

They have low-lying vacant d-orbitals

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9
Q

What does beta-H elimination form?

A

A metal hydride and an alkene bonded to the metal

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9
Q

What happens to the electron count and the coordination number when a beta-hydrogen elimination occurs?

A

The electron count increases by 2

The coordination number increases by 1 (if the alkene occupies the site)

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10
Q

What are the prerequisites for beta-hydrogen elimination?

A

A vacant site is needed

A beta-H is needed

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11
Q

How can we synthesise a transition metal hydride?

A

Protonation of a nucleophilic metal centre

Reaction with a hydride source

Oxidation addition

Beta-hydrogen elimination

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12
Q

How can we protonate a nucleophilic metal centre?

A

A nucleophilic metal centre reacts with HX

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13
Q

What does reacting with Li[HBEt₃] do?

A

It adds hydride ligands as it is a hydride source

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14
Q

What reagent is needed for stepwise oxidative addition?

A

The hydride ligands end up ‘cis’ to each other

15
Q

How can we create a polymer from a metal centre with an alkene ligand and a hydride ligand?

A

We can perform an insertion, add another alkene on and then do another insertion. Repeat this process to make a polymer

16
Q
A