Organizational Behavior

Question 1

Who argued that if psychology was a true science, then psychologist should only study what they could see and measure?

Answer 1

John B. Watson

Question 2

Behaviorism is also called what?

Answer 2

Learning Theory

Question 3

Behaviorism is based on what?

Answer 3

The principal of observing and correcting behavior

Question 4

Who discovered Classical Conditioning?

Answer 4

Ivan Pavlov

Question 5

Who belived that operant conditioning played a much larger role than classical conditioning reguarding behavior?

Answer 5

B. F. Skinner

Question 6

What is operant Conditioning ?

Answer 6

Teaches when a certain action is performed there are consequences. It reinforces good behavior.

Question 7

What is an intrinsic reinforcer?

Answer 7

Something that comes from inside an individual that reinforces a behaviro

Question 8

what is an Extrinsic reinforcer?

Answer 8

Anything outside of a person that reinforces a behaivor

Question 9

What is response extinction?

Answer 9

Ignoring a behavior so you don’t have the response

Question 10

What is the social learning theory?

Answer 10

Euphemism actions speak louder than words, Following examples rather than verbal

Question 11

Who had a theory called Reciprocal Determinism?

Answer 11

Bandura

Question 12

what is Rechiprocal Determinism?

Answer 12

The interaction of a person personality, the environment and the behavior.

Question 13

What is Autocratic leadership

Answer 13

When the leader keeps the power and makes the decisions alone.

Question 14

What does the contingency theory state?

Answer 14

That there is no one sigle perfect way to lead a group, but that the style of leadership should change based on the situation

Question 15

What three factors influence favorableness of a leader?

Answer 15

Leader-member relations, Task structure, Leader position power

Question 16

How do path-goal theory leaders make it easy for their subordinates to meet their goals?

Answer 16

Provide a clear path,Help remove barriers, Increase rewards along/at the end

Question 17

What 3 main points does situational leadership focus on?

Answer 17

–leadership direction to subordinates—monetary support for goals—subordinates sillingness to perform

Question 18

What is referent power

Answer 18

Charisma

Question 19

What are the 4 pattersn of communication networks?

Answer 19

Chain
Y pattern
Whell pattern
Circle

Question 20

What dose The Mechanistic Theory state?

Answer 20

organizational change is inevintable and that, organizations and people within the organizations have no other choice except to follow natural law.

Question 21

What dose The Systems Theory deal with?

Answer 21

interdependence instead of independence of, variables and their interactions

Question 22

What are four major organizational structures

Answer 22

Functional,Line and staff - departments supporting other depoartments, Product or divisional, Matrix - structures around a project

Question 23

Describe a Mechanistic organization.

Answer 23

Controls is centralized, lines of communication are vertical, roles are clearly defiend

Question 24

Define Organic organization

Answer 24

decentralized control

horizontal lines of communication

Question 25

What are the three main stages in decision making?

Answer 25

Understand the problem and its underlying issues think of ideas and solutions to the problem Choose which solutions makes the most sense

Question 26

Define Bounded Rationality.

Answer 26

people will try to find the answer to their problem, but will settle for a less than perfect solution because it involves more work then they bargained for. Con: Shortcuts

Question 27

What is the Econological Model based on.

Answer 27

based on the postulation that people will try to choose the solution that has the greatest benefit for them. Con; people involve emotions Pro: concrete in showing how decision should be made

Question 28

What is the Implicit Favorite model?

Answer 28

People choose solutions immediately and work backward to find the justification for their choice.

Question 29

What are the three types of resistance?

Answer 29

Logical Pychological Sociological

Question 30

What are the three main phases to creating change?

Answer 30

Unfreezing - getting rid of old ideas, policies, procedures Changing - Putting into practice new processes Refreeing - new changes are incorporated into organization's structure and culture

Question 31

Which title protects race?

Answer 31

Title VII

Question 32

Who ensures employees retain access to medical coverage after involuntary termination?

Answer 32

COBRA

Question 33

What is not protected under Title VII class?

Answer 33

Sexual preferance

Question 34

Who: Principles of Scientific Managment ?

Answer 34

Frederick Taylor

Question 35

What is Theory X?

Answer 35

When people dislike work and responsibility

Question 36

Who; Hierarchy of Needs?

Answer 36

Maslow

Question 37

What is ERG?

Answer 37

Existence needs Relatedness needs growth needs

Question 38

What is the Hawthorne Effect?

Answer 38

When an interest in people changes the effect on the ouput

Question 39

Who: Locus of Control

Answer 39

Julian Rotter

Question 40

The need for achievement was developed by ?

Answer 40

David McClelland

Question 41

Trait theories focus on what?

Answer 41

background and personality

Question 42

What model is used in decision making?

Answer 42

Vroom and Yetton

Question 43

What is a Charisma?

Answer 43

Leadership characteristic that inspires employees

Question 44

Who belived that managers make decision based on their assumptions of human nature ?

Answer 44

McGregor

Question 45

Econological Model is choosing what?

Answer 45

The solution that has the greatest benefit

Question 46

What is Naturalistic Observation?

Answer 46

Observing info in an unobtrusive manner

Question 47

What is a role conflict?

Answer 47

When two people have overlapping job functions

Question 48

What are the 5 basic traits of personality ?

Answer 48

``` Emotional stability extroversion openness good nature preciseness ```

Question 49

Three reasons people join groups?

Answer 49

Social interaction need for acceptance self-esteem

Question 50

What is Gestalt Psychology?

Answer 50

approach that assumes people organize their perceptiosn by patterns

Question 51

what three factors create our perceptions?

Answer 51

Other person Situation yourself

Question 52

What is the Locus of Control?

Answer 52

feeling/idea that we can personally interact with people and our environment to influence the outocme of events.

Question 53

Cognitive theorists examine what?

Answer 53

how the mind is involved in knowing, learning, remembering, and thinking. The study how the mind relates to behavior.

Question 54

Psychoanalytical theory revolves around what?

Answer 54

the individuals unconscious motivation

Question 55

Who created structuralism

Answer 55

Wilhelm Wundt | - importance of the classification of the minds structures and focused on conscious thought

Question 56

Who created Functionalism ?

Answer 56

Williams James - Interested in the HOW part of behavior - Continuous flow of information

Question 57

What are the four needs for employees in organizations according to McClelland?

Answer 57

Affiliation Autonomy Power Achievement