Organization of Nervous System

Question 1

State the system made up of neurons located in deep structures like the gut, the heart and blood vessels.

Answer 1

Autonomic Nervous System

Question 2

State the system made up of neurons located in superficially located structures like the skeletal muscles, the eye and the ear.

Answer 2

Somatic Nervous System

Question 3

The __1__ nervous system is connected to the central nervous system through afferent and efferent __2__

__3__ neurons run from the periphery (the body) to the CNS (Central Nervous System), carrying information to the CNS.

__4__ neurons run in the __5__ direction, from the CNS to the periphery, carrying information to the
__6__

Answer 3

1) Peripheral
2) Neurons
3) Afferent
4) Efferent
5) Opposite
6) Body parts

Question 4

Name the structures that nerve cell bodies are found in, within the central nervous system.

Answer 4

Nuclei and Fields

In the CNS, nerve cell bodies are located in groups in structures called
- Nuclei
- Fields
(areas like the thalamus, putamen, or substantial nigra).

Question 5

Name the bundles of axons that run from nuclei or ganglia to make contact with other cells.

Answer 5

Nerve tracts

Question 6

Location and function of Sensory neurons?

Answer 6

Transmit information from sensory organs to the CNS

Location: Afferent Neurons

Question 7

Location and function of Motor Neurons?

Answer 7

Transmit information from the CNS to control muscles.

Location: Efferent Neurons

Question 8

Location and function of Interneurons?

Answer 8

Transmit the information from one neuron to the next neuron.

Location: Only within the CNS

Question 9

Interneurons that travel over short distances.

i.e. between neurons within the ONE NUCLEUS

Answer 9

Interneurons that travel over long distances.

i.e. between neurons located in TWO DIFFERENT NUCLEI

Question 10

Location and function of Neuroendocrine cells?

Answer 10

Release hormones into the blood supply to influence distant target organs.

E.g. Adrenaline

Location: Only within the CNS

Question 11

The peripheral nervous system is divided into two subsystem according to __1__ neurons are located in the body.

Neurons controlling internal structures like the heart, lungs, and blood vessels are what make up the __2__ nervous system.

Conversely, neurons controlling more __3__ -located, closer-to-the-surface structures like the ears, eyes, and skeletal muscles are part of the __4__ nervous system.

Answer 11

1) Where and how deep
2) Autonomic
3) Superficially
4) Somatic

Question 12

Both autonomic and somatic nervous systems are connected to the __1__ by the __2__of afferent and efferent neurons.

__3__ neurons run from the periphery to the central nervous system.

__4__ neurons run from the central nervous system to the periphery.

Answer 12

1) CNS
2) Same layout
3) Afferent
4) Efferent

Question 13

We often need more than one neuron to conduct a function (e.g. control a structure). So we generally have groups of neurons clumped together in groups called __1__ , or field in the __2__, or __3__ in the PNS.

Then, a number of these neurons send out __4__ that are bundled together in groups called __5__

Answer 13

1) Nuclei
2) CNS
3) Ganglia
4) Axons
5) Tracts