Organization & Management Flashcards by haru watanabe

is the process of attaining organizational objective in an efficient and effective manner, through the five managerial functions such as planning, organizing, staffing, leading and controlling.

Management

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is getting the most output from the least amount of input.

Efficiency

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is completing activities so that organizational goals are attained.

Effectiveness

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Doing the right things

Effectiveness

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Doing things right

Efficiency

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MEANS

Efficiency

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ENDS

Effectiveness

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high efficiency means

Low resource waste

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high effectiveness means

High goals attainment

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Recite the characteristic of management

Goal-oriented, universal, continuous process, multi-disciplinary, intangible force, situational, system of authority, and both science& art.

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distinct process consisting of planning, organizing, activating and controlling to determine the objectives by the use of people and resources.

Management

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who said this? - distinct process consisting of planning, organizing, activating and controlling to determine the objectives by the use of people and resources.

G.R. Terry

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Function of management

Planning, organizing, controlling, directing and staffing

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process of setting goals and choosing the means to achieve the set goals.

Planning

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deciding in advance

Planning

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recite some importance of planning

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process of arranging and allocating work, authority and resources among organizations members so that they can achieve organizations goals.

Organizing

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recite some importance of organizing

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process of obtaining and maintaining capable and competent candidates to fill the job position.

Staffing

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recite some importance of staffing

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process of directing and influencing organizational members to achieve organizational goals.

Directing

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recite some importance of directing/leading:

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process of ensuring that actual activities conform to planned activities.

Controlling

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individuals who are responsible for the work of the others.

Managers

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also called as senior or upper management

Top Level Management

they're the frontline managers or supervisors or team leaders. Also called as Formen.

Low Level Manager

come at the top of organizational hierarchy.

Top level Manager

officially represent the organization to the external environment.

Top Level Management

they are positioned between Top and Low level management

Middle Level Management

responsible for implementation of polices and plans developed by the top management

Middle Level Management

SERVE AS A LINK (BRIDGE) BETWEEN TOP MANAGEMENT AND SUPERVISORY MANAGEMENT.

Middle Level Management

are found at the bottom of organization's hierarchy.

Low Level Management

also called as first line, supervisory or operational level management.

Low Level Management

are the only managers who do not manage other managers.

Low Level Management

the one who researched managerial roles & behaviours of CEOs

Henry Mintzberg

the managers performs social, inspirational, legal and ceremonial duties. They're also the symbol and must be on hand for people or agencies that only deal with him or her because of status and authority.

Figureheads

is at the heart of the manager-subordinate relationship and managerial power. They are a pervasive presence among subordinates, although relationship between the leader and other members of the group tends to be indirect.

Leader

the managers is an information and communication center. They builds and maintains relationships with other companies.

Liaison

the manager seeks and receives information from various sources to evaluate the organization's performance, well-being and situation. The manager performs vital tasks such as monitoring of internal operations, external events, ideas, trends, analysis and possible threats.

Monitor

the manager communicates external information to the organization and facilitates information exchange between subordinates.

Disseminator

the manager relays information to other groups and entities outside of the company. Key influencers and stakeholders are kept informed of company performance, plans and policies.

Spokesperson

the manager designs and initiates new opportunities for the company. They are a risk-taker and is often involved in start ups and new projects.

Entrepreneur

Disturbances may arise from certain actions of the staff, unexpected changes in resources and external threats. They also arise when workers and managers make mistakes or when innovation creates unexpected consequences.

Disturbance Handler

The manager oversees and controls resource allocation by evaluating major decisions involving resources.

Resource allocator

vital task of all managers

Negotiation

the manager takes charge of communicating and negotiating with other organizations and even among the members of the company

Negotiator

Is a process of planning, organizing, leading and controlling the activities of an organization effectively and efficiently to achieve goals.

Management Theory

PRACTICE OF MANAGERIAL FUNCTION IN CHINA

1100BC

Scientific Management Theory is developed by?

Frederick W. Taylor

an American engineer and known to be the “Father of Scientific Management”

Frederick W. Taylor

This theory studies the application of scientific methods and principles

Scientific Management Theory

replace with scientific method. | -general rules base on experienced rather than fact or scientific expression.

rule-of-thumb

was developed. | they measure & divide the time on how long will it takes for parts to be assembled.

time and motion study

example of scientific management

Ford Model T. (a model of car)

ford model t. is made by?

Henry ford

Administrative Management Theory was introduced in the 20th century by?

Henri Fayol, French industrialist.

a German sociologist, contributed to the development of AMT.

Max Weber

focuses on the overall management of an organization, emphasizing the role of the managers as administrators of the organization

Administrative Management Theory

task specialization to increase productivity

Division of work

the right to give order and exact obedience

Authority & responsibility

obedinece, application, energy of the individual and warning, fines and suspensions for enforcement

Discipline

employee should receive orders from one supervisor only.

Unity of Command

one head and one plan for a group of act. Having the same direction. Having one goal.

Unity of direction

employees should put your personal desire in pursuit of greater purpose

Subordination

pay should be fair and should reward "well directed effort"

Remuneration

establish the most effective balance between centralization & decentralization

Centralization

must follow the "chain of superior" up to communicate across

Scalar chain

the right man in the right place to form an effective social order.

Order

desire of equity and equality of treatment of employees, a combination of kindliness & justice

Equity

people needs time to learn their jobs. Leader should be loyal for their employee to be loyal too.

Stability and Tenure of Personnel

should encourage and inspire the initiative of the employees

Initiative

seeks to establish unity and harmony. Teamwork in achieving goals of the company.

Esprit de Corps

It focuses on the social element in the workplace and c0onsiders the influence of interpersonal relationships.

Human Relations Theory

when was human relation established and who established it?

Established in 1920s with pioneering studies of Elton Mayo, an Austrialian Psychologist

also contributed to this theory through his Hierarchy of Needs Model

Abraham Maslow

Managers were encouraged to be supportive of their workers an to actively involve them in decision making.

Human Relations Theory

Uses quantitative approaches such as statistical analyses and computer simulations to arrive at a management decision

Quantitative Management Theory

uses mathematics in problem solving and decision making.

Management science

seeks to apply ideas and models from management science to actual workplace.

Operations management

gathers past, present and project data and transform them into usable information

Management information system

an industrial psychologist

Fred Fiedler

Considers the unique characteristics of managers as well as the effect of environmental factors in addressing management problems

Contingency Theory

Emphasizes consistency in an organization and minimal to no error or defects in the production Which results to high customers satisfaction and increase revenue.

Quality Management Theory

who established Quality Management Theory?

William Edwards Deming

Japanese concept of quality management, which means “change for the better”

Kaizen