Organization and Management Flashcards
Lesson 1 to Lesson 7 (Midterms)
The process of utilizing the resources of the organization in an effective and efficient manner to attain targeted objectives
Is the art of getting things done through and with people in formally organized groups
Management
An important or significant function in the performance of all the other functions
Mapping out exact specific objectives
Determining the most valuable course of action
Planning
Making certain that required human & and physical resources are on hand to execute a plan or attain organizational goals/objectives
Organizing
To employ the right people for the right job to realize the objectives of organization
Staffing
Motivating, communicating, guiding, and encouraging people in the organization
Leading
Continuously checking results against predetermined goals and objectives and takes curative actions
Valuable for guaranteeing all other functions of the organization are in place
Controlling
Defined as slow stages of growth and development from simple forms to more complex forms
Evolution
Oldest and widely accepted belief in managements
Classical Theory
German sociologist that proposed for the novel idea of bureaucracy
Max Weber
Serve as a standard for guiding or directing actions or conduct of employees in a workplace and provide discipline
Rules
Provides equity and fairness for all employees by not accepting subjective personal/emotional thoughts during assessment procedures
Impersonality
Clear splitting and defining of work based on knowledge and personal experience
Division of Labor
Categorizes jobs based on the level of authority
Hierarchical Structure
Refers to “who has the right to decide”
Authority Structure
Founded on custom, ancestry, gender, birth order, and the like
Traditional Authority
Based on the uniform application of establishes laws and rules
Rational-Legal Authority
Visible in a leader whose mission and vision in life encourages others
Charismatic Authority
Visualization of employee and organization as being loyal to each other
Commitment to Long-term Job
Accomplishing the organizational goals the most efficient way
Rationality
Makes use of the step by step, scientific methods for finding the best way of doing things
Scientific Management Theory
Father of Scientific Management
Frederick W. Taylor
One of the highlights of scientific management.
No single foreman could be an expert in all the assignments supervised
Specialization
Revolutionized the use of motion pictures to study workers motions
Frank Gilbreth
First woman to receive a Ph.D. in Industrial Psychology
Lilian Gilbreth
Father of Modern Management
Henri Fayol
Well- known for his Gantt Chart, contributing to Taylor’s Theory
Henry Gantt
Could be in terms of obedience, application, and respect to superiors
Discipline
Dividing each job into small specialized tasks and assigning responsibilities to a specialist
Division of Work
The right to give order and power while responsibility: to realize objective
Authority
A subordinate should receive orders from only one boss
Unity of Command
All works of an organization must perform jointly to achieve a common objective
Unity of Direction
Workers prioritizes the common interest of organization rather than himself
Subordination of Individual Interest to Common Interest
Should be given fair and adequate
Remuneration
Should be one central point in organization which exercises general direction and control of all parts
Centralization
Chain/line of command and communication from superior to subordinates
Scalar Chain
Provides jobs and materials in proper order for an efficient management & organization’s direction
Order
Builds loyalty and devotion among employees through fair discipline and order
Equity
Provides security of job for an employee
Stability of Tenure Personnel
Management must promote a harmony of interest & appropriate understanding among workers
Espirit de Corps
It means that a manager must encourage employees under him to act on their own
Initiative
Also known as the “Behavioral Science Approach”
Neo-Classical Theory
An individual answerable for the performance of group members in the workplace
Has the official authority to assign resources of the organization
Manager
Cater day to day operations of the organization
Directly involved with people that produces the companies’ goods & services
First Line Manager
Responsible for looking for the best way on organizing human and other resources
Middle Line Manager
Executives with cross departmental duties
Responsible for the overall direction of the organization
Top Manager
Requires the ability to apply proficiency or expertise to perform particular tasks
Technical Skills
Exhibits the ability to soundly work in cooperation with others
Human Skills
Ability to see the total picture of the organization to know how the different parts affect each other
Conceptual Skills
Ability to visualize the most appropriate response to a situation
Knowing how to identify a problem
Diagnostic Skills
Require equally at all 3 levels of management
Must be able to communicate plans and policies to workers
Communication Skills
Ability to influence human behavior, this skill helps managers to get the work done through the workers
Leadership Skills
Is the evaluation of how inspired employees are to interrelate with superiors
Motivation to Manage
To sweat it out or give oneself to hard work
Kayod
The realist (type of manager)
Kayod
This kind of manager tends to be action-hungry
Kayod
Strong or Strict work ethics (type of manager)
Kayod
Sigurista (type of manager)
Kayod
Knows how to use people (type of manager)
Kayod
Refuses any kind of bribery (type of manager)
Kayod
Fast-decision maker (type of manager)
Kayod
Impatient, shrewd (type of manager)
Kayod
Spanish term for book
Libro
This kind of manager seeks decisions from a step-by-step process written in the company’s policy
Libro
Systematic & Analytical (type of manager)
Libro
Thinker
Cautious
Planning-oriented
Stubborn
Libro
Has high ideas (type of manager)
Libro
Mataas ang tingin sa sarili
Libro
This manager is very keen at looking/finding loopholes in anything
Lusot
Likes to resort to shaky deals
Lusot
Believes in “NO-MONEY-NO-WORK” philosophy
Lusot
Spanish term “oir” or “to listen”
Oido
Acquires his managerial skills by playing it by ear
Oido
Utilizes people’s knowledge and formal training/education by applying their vast field of practical experiences
Oido
A hybrid of all type of managers
Ugnayan
Opposite of the “Libro” manager
Oido
Highly adaptable, highly resilient
Ugnayan
Believes in contingency management
Ugnayan
The reconciler manager
Ugnayan
Has excellent behavioral skills
Ugnayan
Activities intended to obtain information about events and trends that take place outside and inside the organization
Environmental Scanning
The acquisition and use of information gleaned from outside sources external to the company
External Analysis
Identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the different functional areas in the organization
Internal Analysis
Includes the external factors that usually affect all or most players in every industry
General/Macro Environment
Portrays the practices and dealings of government bodies
Political Environment
Identifies what organization can or cannot do at a particular time
Legal Environment
A process by which 2 or more individuals/groups with both common and contradictory goals, talk about proposals in an effort to reach an agreement
Negotiation
Aims to persuade government decisions by providing administrators with information
Lobbying
A shared attempt of 3 or more organizations/groups/alliance to realize a common objective
Alliance
This process involves membership in an external organization that provides wellbeing to its members
Representation
A practice by which people discover the values held by an organization and the broader society
Socialization
The study that centers on appreciating how people or countries manufacture, dispense and use diverse goods and services
Economics
Refer to the character and direction of the economic system within which the firm operates
Economic Factors
Consists of the demographic, characteristics, general behavior, attitude, beliefs, customs, lifestyles
Socio-cultural Factors
Includes anything within the context of society that has potential to affect an organization
Socio-cultural Factors
The knowledge, tools, and techniques used to transform inputs into outputs
Technology
Forces and conditions unique to a specific firm’s industry and directly influence the ability of the organization’s ability to obtain inputs and dispose outputs
Specific Environment
Concern broad environmental issues such as the natural environment, global warming, and sustainable economic growth
Ecological Factors
Individuals and companies that provide an organization with input resources
Suppliers
Are businesses that assist other organizations to trade their goods and services
Distributors
Individuals and groups that purchase products and services that an organization manufactures
Customers
These are businesses in the same industry that produce and sell the same goods and services to a specific organization
Competitors
These are groups of concerned people who assemble together to endeavor in influencing trade practices
Advocacy Groups
Consists of policies and rules that oversee the business practices and procedures
Industry Regulation
Used by organizations or business to evaluate things in order to achieve competitive advantage
SWOT analysis
Developed the SWOT Analysis
Ken Andrews
Is the continuous, intensive actions of policy makers and communities to advance the standard of living and economic health of a particular area
Economic Development
Usually has extreme low literacy rates, unconstructed roads, short life expectancy, and widespread hunger
Subsistence Economy
An economy that is wholly dependent on the self-provisioning of the community
Subsistence Economy
Is an economy where the output is more than needed to consume in order to survive
Commercial Economy
Citizens and government can make investments which allow their economy function more efficiently with this little surplus of wealth
Commercial Economy
Is nation’s economy that is making headway toward becoming advanced
Emerging Market Economy
The nation under this phase has universal basic health services
Emerging Market Economy
An act of grouping activities into effective cooperation for definite objective
Business Organization
An economy that commercializes inventions leading to creation of a new business enterprises
Technology-based Economy
It is chiefly concerned with the formation and allocation of utilities for earning profit
Business Organization
A business with a single natural owner who manages the business on his own or employs employees
Sole Proprietorship
It is the simplest and most common way to set up a business
Sole Proprietorship
A legal form of business with 2 or more individuals who combines their resources and manages the business
Partnership
Partners divide the unlimited liabilities of the business and control the business together
Partnership
A legal entity doing business owned by multiple shareholders and is overseen by a board of directors elected by shareholders
Corporation
It is a written and legal contract between business partners
Establishes the conditions of the business. It must be crafted with the aid of a lawyer
Partnership Agreement
A __________ is identified by terms, limited (Ltd.), Incorporated (Inc.), and Corporation (Corp.)
Corporation
An autonomous association of persons, organized and controlled by its members, who voluntarily pool resources to provide themselves and their patrons with good services or other benefits
Cooperatives
All owners share in operating the business and assuming liability for the debts of the business
General Partnership
Is an owner who has unlimited liability and active in managing the business
General Partner
Has more general partners and one or more limited partners who have limited liability to the extent of their investment
Limited Partnership
Is an owner who makes investments in the business but does not actively participate in its management and his liability for losses does not extend up to his contribution in the business
Limited partner
All the partners have limited liability of the business debts and has no general partner
Limited Liability Partnership
