Organization and Management Flashcards
“Management is an art of getting things done
through and with the people in formally organized
groups. It is an art of creating an environment in which
people can perform and individuals and can co-operate
towards attainment of group goals”.
Harold D. Koontz
“Management is an art of knowing what to do, when
to do, and see that it is done in the best and cheapest
way”.
Frederick Winslow Taylor
Management is a purposive activity
Frederick Winslow Taylor
“to manage is to forecast and
to plan, to organize, to command, to coordinate, and
to control
Henri Fayol
“Management is a multi-purpose organ that manages the
business and manages managers and manages workers
and work.”
Peter Drucker
“art of getting things
done through people”
Mary Parker Follette
Her ideas are contradictory to the idea of scientific
management, as she believed that managers and subordinates
should fully collaborate. Used the term “integration,” to refer to noncoercive power-sharing based
on the use of her concept of “power with” rather than “power over”
Mary Parker Follett
French businessman, first proposed in the early part of the twentieth
century that all managers perform five functions: planning, organizing, commanding,
coordinating, and controlling.14 Today, these functions have been condensed to four:
planning, organizing, leading, and controlling
Henri Fayol
set goals, establish strategies for achieving those goals, and develop
plans to integrate and coordinate activities.
Planning
arranging and structuring work to accomplish the
organization’s goals.
they determine what tasks are to be done, who is to do them, how the tasks are to be grouped, who
reports to whom, and where decisions are to be made.
Organizing
Two major theories comprise the classical approach
Scientific management theory Frederick W. Taylor
Frank and Lillian Gilbreth
General administrative theory
Henri Fayol and Max Weber
Two major theories comprise the classical approach
scientific management and general administrative theory. The
two most important contributors to scientific management theory were Frederick W. Taylor
and the husband-wife team of Frank and Lillian Gilbreth. The two most important contributors to general administrative theory were Henri Fayol and Max Weber
the use of scientific methods to define the “one best way” for a job to be done.
Scientific Management Theory
the process of hiring eligible candidates in
the organization or company for specific positions
Staffing
motivating and
influencing others to work for the common goal of the
organization
Leading
evaluation of whether things are
going as planned. To ensure that goals are being met and that work is being done as it
should be, managers must monitor and evaluate performance. Actual performance must be
compared with the set goals. If those goals aren’t being achieved
Controlling
negative view of people that assumes
workers have little ambition, dislike work, want to avoid responsibility, and need to be
closely controlled to work effectively
Theory X
positive view that assumes employees
enjoy work, seek out and accept responsibility, and exercise self-direction
Theory Y
Theory of X and Y author
Douglas McGregor
Hierarchy of Needs
Abraham Maslow
there are separate sets of mutually exclusive factors in the workplace that either cause job satisfaction or dissatisfaction
Frederick Herzberg
Three-Needa Theory
David McClelland
Need for Achievement nAch
Need for Power nPow
Need for Affiliation nAff
Father of Scientific Management
Frederick W. Taylor
Father of the Modern Theory of General and
Industrial Management
Henri Fayol
BUREAUCRATIC THEORY OF MANAGEMENT
Max Weber
