Organization and Homeostasis Flashcards by Marissa Lee

Levels of Organization

Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ Systems

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Group of cells with similar function

Tissue

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Basic structural and functional units of life

Cell

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Group of tissues that make up a structure

Organ

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Group of organs with a common function

Organ System

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Body is standing erect
Facing directly forward
Feet pointed forward and apart
Arms hanging down at sides
Palms facing forward

Anatomical Position

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Frontal/Superior(Cranial)

Toward the head

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Inferior(Caudal)

Away from the head

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Medial

Toward midline of body

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Lateral

Away from midline of the body

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Deep

Away from surface of the body

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Superficial

Toward the surface of the body

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Proximal

Closer to trunk/point of attachment

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Distal

Away from trunk/point of attachment

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Frontal/Coronal Plane(Vertical)

Front and back

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Transverse Plane(Horizontal)

Top and bottom

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Sagittal/Medial Plane(Vertical)

Left and right

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Dorsal, Cranial, Spinal, Ventral, Thoracic, Abdominopelvic(Abdominal/pelvic)

Body Cavities

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Abdominal

Stomach

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Acromial

Shoulder

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Antecubital

Inner elbow

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Axillary

Armpit

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Cephalic

Head

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Cervical

Neck

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Coxal

Hip

Crural

Thigh

Digital

Fingers and toes

Brachial

Arm

Buccal

Cheeks

Carpal

Wrist

Frontal

Forehead

Genital

Penis and vagina

Inguinal

Above penis and vagina

Mammary

Breasts/Pecs

Mental

Brain

Nasal

Nose

Oral

Mouth

Orbital

Skull

Otic

Ear

Palmar

Palm

Patellar

Kneecap

Pectoral

Chest

Pedal

Foot

Sternal

Sternum

Tarsal

Ankle

Umbilical

Belly button

Acromial

Shoulder blade

Dorsum

Back

Femoral

Thigh

Gluteal

Butt

Lumbar

Lower back

Occipital

Back of head

Perineal

Penis/Vagina

Plantar

Sole of foot

Popliteal

Back of knee

Sacral

Spinal cord

Sural

Calf

Vertebral

Backbones

State of body equilibrium or stable internal environment in the body

Homeostasis

Needs 3 things to maintain homeostasis

Chemical, Heat, and Pressure

The body maintains homeostasis through self-regulating control systems called ________ or homeostatic _________

Feeback or homeostatic mechanisms

Feedback mechanism component: Stimulus

CHANGE occurs in internal environment

Feedback mechanism component: Receptors

RECIEVE and provide information about stimuli and send to control center

Feedback mechanism component: Control Center

ANALYZE change has occurred by information sent to brain

Feedback mechanism component: Effectors

**MUSCLES OR GLANDS that carry out actions**

Feedback mechanism component: Response

Brings internal environment back to NORMAL

Negative or Positive? Causes stimulus to decline or end

Negative

Negative or positive? Regulates body temperature, blood pressure, and sugar levels

Negative

Negative or positive? Causes stimulus to increase

Positive

Negative or positive? Blood clotting and childbirth

Positive