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Gramm Stains > Organisms > Flashcards

Organisms Flashcards

1
Q

Strep. Pneumoniae

A

Positive diplococci

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2
Q

Haemophilus influenza

A

Negative cocco-bacilli

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3
Q

Moraxella catarrhalis

A

Negative coccus

Associated with smoking

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4
Q

Staph aureus

A

Positive cocci - grape bunch clusters

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5
Q

Name 4 atypical pnumonias

A

Legionella - hepatitis and low na
Mycoplasma - joint pain, EM - Rx of sjs and AIHA.
Chlamydia pneumonia
Chlamydia psittaci

Have no cell wall so do not respond to penicillins. Require macrolides and tetracyclines

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6
Q

Name 3 slow growing mycobacterium

A

M. Marinarum
M. Avium
M. Ulcerans

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7
Q

Name 3 fast growing mycobacterium

A

M. Abcessus
M. Chelonae
M. Fotuitum

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8
Q

Name 3 flaviviruses

A

HCV
yellow fever
Dengue

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9
Q

Infection associated with canned foods and honey

A

Chlostridium botulinum

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10
Q

Super antigen mediated diarrhoea x3

A

Clostridium perfringens
Staph. Aureus
Bacillus cereus

Both non bloody
Perfringens classically from reheated meats and is found in colon flora but not in small bowel.
Staph aureus appears in clusters on gram stain, is beta haemolytic on blood agar

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11
Q

Comma shaped, or s shaped

A

(Also vibriosis - cholera, parahaemolyticus, vulnificus)

Campylobacter jejuni

V motile
Can cause guillain barre

Treat with erythromycin or cipro if early on.
BLOODY fouls smelling

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12
Q

Infective Causes of bloody stool x4

A

SEEC

Shigella
Enterobacteriacae E. coli
Entamoeba histolytica
Campylobacter

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13
Q

Pear shaped trophozoite

A

Giardia lamblia

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14
Q

Oocysts seen in stool by modified kinyoun acid fast stain

A

Cryptosporidium

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15
Q

Campylobacter jejuni

A

Gramm -ve curved rod

Same as vibrio

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16
Q

Multiplies in peyers patches, and can cause messenteric adenitis and necrotising granulomas

A

Yersinia enterocolitis

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17
Q

Flask shaped ulcer

A

Entamoeba histolytica

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18
Q

Reheated or dodgy meat

A

Clostridium perfringens

Salmonella enteritides

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19
Q

RSV prophylaxis and treatment in kids with heart or lung disease

A

Palivizumab

Ribavirin (guanosine analogue)

20
Q

First line treatment in BK virus treatment

A

Cidofovir IV

21
Q

HBV treatment

A

PegINF alpha 2a
Entecavir
Tenofovir

Prevent cirrhosis and HCC

22
Q

treponema pallidum

A

gram negative spirochete - visualised on dark ground microspcopy in primary lesions or PCR.

23
Q

brucella

A

gram negative cocco bacillus

24
Q

helicobacter pylori

A

spiral flagellated Gram negative

25
Q

group b strep

A

beta haemolytic gramm positive coccus

26
Q

neisseria gonorrhoea

A

obligate intracellular gram negative diploccoccus

27
Q

Listeria monocytogenes

A

gramm postive flagellated rod

28
Q

Legionella pneumophilia

A

gram negative flagellated

29
Q

e.coli

A

gram negative rod, facultative anaerobe

30
Q

shiga like verotoxin

A

EHEC

31
Q

things that multply in peyers patches?

A

yersinia and typhoid?

32
Q

leptospirosis

A

contact with animals - thin aerobic spirochetes

non specific symptoms and photophobia.

gold standard diagnosis is microspcopic agglutination test

33
Q

neisseria meningitidis

A

gram neg diplococcus

34
Q

chocolate agar

A

haemophilus

35
Q

cahncroid

A

caused by haemophilus ducreyi causes a painful genital ulcer that leads to infected painful inguinal lymph nodes on one side. unilateral.

36
Q

What is the normal pH of the vagina

A

3.8-4.2

37
Q

how do you differentiate staph and strep

A

catalse

staph is catalase positive
strep is catalse neg

38
Q

treatment of neisseria meningitidis meningitis

A

cefotaxime

39
Q

how does hepatitis b present?

A

fever, vomiting, loss of appetite jaundice

2-3 months after the infection incubation period

40
Q

What happens to lympocytes in mono?

A

they look atypical

41
Q

oral nystatin wash

A

candida albicans - test by doing beta d glucan

42
Q

How does asperigillus present in immunocompromised?

A

sperical opacity in lung fields

43
Q

how do you treat sporotricosis?

A

itra/fluconazole

presents iwth spots, small an painless on the pricked arm from a rose.

they may ulcerate

44
Q

castaneda medium

A

brucellosis

45
Q

what heart problem does rubella syndrome casue

A

PDA

Gramm Stains (1 decks)

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