Organismal

Question 1

Taxonomy

Answer 1

Binomial Nomenclature
Carl Linnaeus (18th Century)
Genus - Species

Question 2

3 Domains

Answer 2

Bacteria, Archae, Eukarya

Question 3

Taxa ( King Phillip Came Over From Spain)

Answer 3

Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 4

Domain Bacteria

Answer 4

Single Celled Prokaryotes (no internal Membrane)
Pathogens
Asexual, Conjugation (primitive sexual repro)
Nitrogen fixing
Genetic Engineering
Viruses

Question 5

Domain Archaea

Answer 5

Single celled prokaryotes (no internal Membrane)
Extromophiles: Methanogens (Methane)
Halogens (Salt loving)
Thermophiles (high temp)

Question 6

Domain Eukarya

Answer 6

Eukaryotes - Cells with internal membranes
Includes - protista, fungi, plantae, animalia
Some = photosynthetic

Question 7

Three Domain System of Classification

Answer 7

Based on DNA analysis
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya

Question 8

Domain Classification - Membrane Enclosed Organelles

Answer 8

Eukaryotes

Question 9

Domain Classification - Peptidoglycan in cell walls

Answer 9

Bacteria

Question 10

Domain Classification - Introns

Answer 10

Archaea - Eukaryotes

Introns = noncoding sections of an RNA transcript, or the DNA encoding it, that are spliced out before the RNA molecule is translated into a protein

Question 11

Protista

Answer 11

Domain Eukarya
Cell walls have nuclei
Widest variety of organisms (many cant be classified elsewhere)
single-celled and primitive multicelled orgs
Both - Heterotroph autotroph

Examples - ameoba, Paramecium, Euglena

Question 12

Fungi

Answer 12

Eukarya
Heterotrophic
Extracellular digestion (have hydrolytic enzymes)
Absorb nutrients through diffusion
Decomposers
Cell walls are made from chitin not cellulose

Examples - yeast, mold, mushrooms

Question 13

Plants

Answer 13

Eukarya
Autotrophic
Two Types: Tracheophytes , Bryophyes

Question 14

Tracheophytes

Answer 14

Have vascular tissue

Question 15

Bryophytes

Answer 15

No vascular tissue

Question 16

Gymnosperms

Answer 16

Conebearing

Question 17

Angiosperms

Answer 17

Flowering

Monocotyledons (corn,grass)
Dicotyledons (peanuts) - two seed leaves

Question 18

Animals

Answer 18

Heterotrophic - multi cellular - eukaryotes
Most reproduce sexually
dominant diploid stage
9 phyla

Question 19

9 Animal Phyla - Prince Charles Plays Needles Among Every Child

Answer 19

Porifera - sponges
Cnidaria - jellies
Platyhelminthes - flat worms
Nematoda - Parasitic worms - hook, pin, whip
Annelida - ringed worms (segmented) - earth, rag, leeches
Echinodermata - sea stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers
Chordata - animals,fish

Question 20

Germ Layers

Answer 20

Formed by gastrulation in embryonic stage
Complex animals are triploblastic (3 layers)
Ectoderm - skin, nervous system
Endoderm - Viscera and digestive system
Mesoderm - Blood and bones

Primitive animals (sponges/hydra) diploblastic - no mesoderm

Question 21

Coelom

Answer 21

True fluid-filled body cavity
Arises withing and completely surrounded by mesoderm
Provides space for elaborate organ systems
Divided into Protostome and Deuterostome

Question 22

Acoelomate

Answer 22

Triploblastic - solid bodies
No cavity between digestive tract and outerbody wall
Platyhelmthes

Question 23

Pseudocoelomate

Answer 23

False Coelom
body cavity is partly lined by mesoderm
Nematodes (roundworms)

Question 24

Protostome Coelomate

Answer 24

Primitive
True coelom
first opening in embryo is mouth, second opening - anus

Annelids (earthworms), Mollusk, arthropods