Organisational Structures and Project Roles Flashcards
1
Q
What are the types of Organisations
A
- Functional
- Matrix
- Project
2
Q
What is a Functional Organisation
A
- Functional Manager Authority
- Staff in departments headed up by a manager
- Clear lines of authority and reporting
- Utilises the natural business hierarchy
- Emphasis on operational procedures and BAU
- Rarely used as the importance of projects has increased
3
Q
What are the Advantages of Functional Org
A
- Simple communication structure
- Ideal for small internal projects
- easy access to expertise
- projects are learning opportunities so good for personal development within function
- Handover is facilitated
- full control over resources
- easy to solve functional problems
4
Q
What are the Disadvantages of Functional Org
A
- Inward looking
- Delegated authority is strongest at the top of the hierarchy and weakens on the way down.
- Cross - functional communication / cooperation (vital for projects) decreases going up the hierarchy.
- Managers would have to put on their Project Manager hat for specific projects and take on the work load that project brings
- no single authority for authorisation/responsibility
5
Q
What are the types of Project Office
A
- EPMO = Enterprise Project Management Office
- PMO = Project Management Office
- PPSO = Programme and Project Support Office
- PSO = Project Support Office
6
Q
What are the main PM Roles
A
- Host/Client/Programme/Portfolio
- Project Sponsor / Board
- Project Manager
- Steering Committee
- Governance Board
- Team Leaders
7
Q
What is the role of the Project Assurance
A
- Accountable for checking the development of the project through to its delivery
- Focuses on finding defects before the final product or service is delivered
8
Q
What is a Team Leader
A
- Set performance objectives and specific targets
- Analyse the project’s progress
- Spear-head the decision making process
- Share work with their team in order to complete milestones set by the Project Manager
9
Q
What is a Project Manager
A
- Responsible for the successful delivery of the project’s outputs
- Direct and motivate and monitors their team
- Raise concerns and promotes resolutions
- Senior position and in charge of ensuring risk management processes are in place
- Maintain and good relationship with the stakeholders of the project
10
Q
What is a Project Sponsor (Project Board)
A
- Primary Owner of the Project and producer of the Business Case
- Has the power to initiate and terminate a project
- Obtain approval for expenditure
- Responsible for the success of the project and must provide strategic direction
- Evaluating the business risks and responsible for escalating or terminating if necessary
- Keeps the executive stakeholders informed, notifying them
- Authorises phase transitions by monitoring the project outputs
11
Q
What are the advantages of a Matrix Org
A
- resources shared across projects and business as usual - efficient use of resources
- Flexible approach
- Can handle different types of projects
- entire organisation is a single resource pool
12
Q
What are the disadvantages of a Matrix Org
A
- Resource conflict is common
- Conflict of loyalties
- Conflict of instructions
- conflict over development path - functional or project
13
Q
What are the advantages of a Project Org
A
- PM has full authority
- Strong sense of identity with the project and team
- Focused on the projects goals
- Dedicated resources
- Good environment for developing project skills
14
Q
What are the disadvantages of Project Org
A
- Dedicated team is expensive
- can be an inefficient use of finances
- Team members call fall behind in their functional skills
- Team can become isolated
- Limits the number of projects that can be taken on at one time
- End of project can mean end of employment
- Project manager is the line manager
