Organisation of Nervous System Flashcards
somatosensory axis of nervous system includes:
spinal cord reticular substance of medulla, pons &mesencephalon cerebellum thalamus cerebral cortex
skeletal motor nerve axis includes:
spinal cord reticular substance of medulla, pons &mesencephalon cerebellum basal ganglia motor cortex
signal passes from
axon to dendrites
most storage of memory occurs in?
cerebral cortex
storage of memory is a function of?
synapses
what is facilitation?
each time certain types of sensory signals pass through a sequence of synapses, these synapses become more capable of transmitting the same type of signal the next, this is called facilitation
major levels of cns
spinal cord level
lower brain/subcortical level
higher brain/cortical level
neuronal circuits in spinal cord can perform:
walking movements
reflexes that withdraw portions of the body from painful objects
reflexes to stiffen legs
reflexes that control blood vessels, git movements & excretion
subconscious activities of the body are controlled by:
lower areas of the brain: medulla pons mesencephalon hypothalamus thalamus cerebellum basal ganglia
subconscious control of arterial pressure & respiration is acheived mainly in?
medulla & pons
control of equilibrium is a combined function of?
cerebellum (older portions) & reticular substance of medulla pons & mesencephalon
feeding reflexes (salivation & licking of the lips in response to taste of food) are controlled by areas in:
medulla pons mesencephalon amygdala and hypothalamus
thought processes are conducted by?
cerebral cortex
which structures initiate wakefulness in cerebral cortex?
lower brain centers
most synapses in the brain are:
chemical synapses
electrical synapses
- bidirectional
- gap junctions allow free movement of ions from one cell to another
chemical synapses
- one way
- release neurotransmitters
presynaptic terminals are also called
terminal knobs
boutons
end feet
synaptic knobs
width of synaptic cleft:
200-300 angstroms
two most important internal structures of the presynaptic terminal:
transmitter vesicles
mitochondria
the quantity of neurotransmitters released from the terminal to the cleft is directly proprtional to the amount of which ions entering the presynaptic terminal?
calcium ions, which enter and bind with release sites
