Organisation Flashcards
What is a tissiue
A group of cells which work together for a similar function
What is an organ
An organ is a group of tissues which together for a similar function
What is a cell
Basic building block that all organisms have
What is an organ system
An organ system is a group of organs working together
Order of organisation
Cell-Tissue-Organ-Organ System
What is an enzyme
An enzyme is a biological catalyst which speeds up a certain reaction without being used up and is a big protein molecule
What is the term ‘optimum’
Best temperature for enzyme action
What is the lock and key theory
Active site of the enzyme is complimentary to the substrate and reacts and breaks down the substrate into smaller molecules
What affect Enzyme Action
Temperature affect enzymes- may speed up reactions we don’t want happening
What does Amylase break down
Carbohydrates into sugar/glucose
Where is Amylase produced
Salivary glands and pancreas
Where does Amylase break down carbohydrates
Mouth and small intestine
What does protease break down
Proteins to amino acids
Where is protease produced
Stomach
Pancreas
Small Intestine
Where does Protease break down Proteins
Stomach
Small intestine
What does Lipase break down
Lipids to fatty acids and glycerol
Where is Lipase produced
Pancreas
Small intestine
Where does Lipase break down Fatty acids
Small Intestine
How does pH affect enzyme Action
1.Place iodine solution on every spotting tile
Using an electric water bath at 35 degrees
Using a syringe add 2cm3 of amylase solution and 2cm3 of buffered solution of pH 5 into both test tubes
Then place the test tube into the water bath
Using a different syringe add 5cm3 of starch solution to the boiling tube
Mix the contents after labelling the test tube A+B which contains the buffered pH 5 and Amylase
Start stopwatch and every 10 seconds remove 1 drop of the mixture with a plastic pipette. Solution will turn blue black
Continue until the iodine stays orange
repeat with other buffered pH’s
What reagent do you test for sugar
Benedict’s solution
What reagent do you test for starch
Iodine solution
Test for protein
Biuret solution
Test for lipids
Ethanol
How do you test for starch
Place food sample on the spotting tile
Add few drops of iodine solution
Orange brown-blue black if present
Record all observations in a results table
How do you test for sugars
Place a small amount of food sample in a test tube
add approximately 10 drops of benedict’s solution
Place test tube into a warm water bath for 10 minutes
Brick red if starch is present and sugars may be present but the colour possibly depend on the concentration of the concentration of the sugar
Record all observations in a results table
Test for lipids
Place a small amount of food sample into a test tube
add a few drops of ethanol to the test tube
shake the test tube and leave for 1 minute
pour the solution into a test tube containing water
milky white layer should be produced from reaction
Test for protein
Place a small amount of food sample in a test tube
Add 1cm3 of biuret reagent
Biuret reagent turns to purple
Test for protein
Place a small amount of food sample in a test tube
Add 1cm3 of biuret reagent
Biuret reagent turns to purple
