organická chémia Flashcards

1
Q

co je to

A

chemia uhlika a jeho zlucenin
C O H N P S halove prvky
90% vsetkych zlucenin je organickych
skuma zlozenie, vlastnosti, vyznam, vyrobu orgsnickych latok

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2
Q

dobody existencie vela organickych zlucenin

A

4 vazbovowt uhlika
retazenie- C vytvara retazce roznych struktur
linearne cyklicke rozvetvene

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3
Q

historia

A

vedci si mysleli ze organticke latky vznikaju zo zivych sustav alebo v zivych sustavach a na ich vznik je potrebna ziva sila (vis vitalis)
v roku 1828 tuto teotiu vyvratil nemecky chemik F. Wöhler - vyrobil v lab. podmienkach z anorganickej organicku latku

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4
Q

uhlovodiky

A

C+H
a)alifaticke- necyklicke- alkany(jednofucha v) alkeny(dvojita) alkiny(zrojita)

b) alicyklicke
c) aromaticke

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5
Q

derivaty

A

C+H+Treti prvok
a)halogenderivaty halove prvkx
CH-Cl

b)dusikate
1) nitro CH-NO2
2) aminy CH-NH3
c)kyslikate
1)hydroxyderivaty R-OH
2)etery R-O-R
3)Karbonylove zluceniny R-C=O
R-C=O \ H
\R
4) Karboxylove kyseliny R-C=O
\OH

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