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Chemistry OCR A > Organic Synthesis > Flashcards

Organic Synthesis Flashcards

1
Q

Mechanism, and reagents for formation of a haloalkane from an alkene

A

Electrophilic addition, hydrogen halide (halogen can be used to form a dihalogenalkane)

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2
Q

Reaction, reagents and conditions for formation of alcohol from an alkene

A

Hydration reaction, steam, heated H2SO4

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3
Q

Mechanism, reagents and conditions for formation of an alkene from an alkene

A

Electrophilic addition/hydrogenation, hydrogen, nickel catalyst, 150 degrees C

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4
Q

Reaction, reagents and conditions for the formation of an alkene from an alcohol

A

Elimination/ dehydration, Al2O3/concentrated acid, heat

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5
Q

Mechanism, reagents and conditions for formation of a haloalkane from an alcohol

A

Nucleophilic substitution, NaX, H2SO4 catalyst, heat under reflux

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6
Q

Mechanism, reagents and conditions for formation of an alcohol from a haloalkane

A

Nucleophilic substitution, NaOH(aq), heat under reflux

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7
Q

Mechanism, reagents and conditions for formation of a haloalkane from an alkane

A

Free radical substitution, halogen, UV light

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8
Q

Reagents and conditions for oxidation of primary alcohols to form aldehydes then carboxylic acids

A

Acidified potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) (H2SO4 if not acidified), distil to get aldehyde, heat under reflux to get carboxylic acid

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9
Q

Reagents and conditions for oxidation of secondary alcohols to form a ketone

A

acidified potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) (H2SO4 if not acidified), heat under reflux

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10
Q

reagents and conditions for reduction of aldehydes to form primary alcohols

A

NaBH4 (reducing agent), H2O

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11
Q

reagents and conditions for reduction of ketones to form secondary alcohols

A

NaBH4 (reducing agent), H2O

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12
Q

mechanism and reagents for the formation of a nitrile from a haloalkane

A

Nucleophilic substitution, NaCN

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13
Q

mechanism and reagents for formation of an amine from a haloalkane

A

nucleophilic substitution, NH3/ethanol (ammonia in ethanol)

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14
Q

reagents and products of acid hydrolysis of nitriles

A

H2O (to dilute the acid), strong acid (HCl), to form carboxylic acid and ammonium salt

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15
Q

mechanism and reagents for formation of a hydroxynitrile from a nitrile

A

nucleophilic addition, NaCN, H+

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16
Q

reagents and conditions for esterification

A

carboxylic acid/acyl chloride, alcohol and H2SO4

17
Q

products and reagents for alkaline hydrolysis of an ester

A

forms a carboxylate salt and alcohol, NaOH

18
Q

reagents and products of acid hydrolysis of an ester

A

forms a carboxylic acid, dilute acid

Chemistry OCR A (1 decks)

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