Organic Synth Flashcards by Alexander Crawley | Brainscape

Q

Haloalkanes to nitrile

A

KCN ethanolic reflux

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Q

Haloalkane to alcohol

A

Warm aqueous naoh reflux

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Q

Haloalkane to alkene

A

Ethanolic koh reflux

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Q

Haloalkane to amine

A

Ammonia heat

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Q

Alcohol to alkene

A

Conc h2so4 reflux

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Q

Alkene to alcohol

A

H3po4 as catalyst steam, 300c 60 atm

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Q

Aldehyde/ketone to alcohol

A

Nabh4 in water with methanol

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Q

Alcohol to aldehyde/ketone

A

K2cr2o7, h2so4, heat in distillation apparatus

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Q

Aldehyde or alcohol to carboxylic acid

A

K2cr2o7, h2so4, reflux

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Q

Aldehyde/ketone to hydroxynitrile

A

Kcn with h2so4 20c

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Q

Carboxylic acid to ester

A

Alcohol, conc h2so4 as catalyst, heat it

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Q

Ester to carboxylic acid

A

Acid hydrolysis: h20 dilute h2so4 reflux

Base: dilute naoh, reflux (carboxylate ion formed)

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Q

Nitrile to primary amine

A

Lialh4, dilute h2so4 in dry ether

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Q

Benzene to phenylketone

A

Rcocl, alcl3 as catalyst, reflux in non-aqueous environment (dry ether)

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Q

Benzene to nitrobenzene

A

Conc h2so4 and hno3 below 55c for mononitration

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Q

Nitrobenzene to aromatic amine

A

Tin, conc hcl heat under reflux then add naoh