Organic Reactions Flashcards by Howe Deng | Brainscape

Q

alkane → dihaloalkane

A

2 x Cl₂

_{<span>Substitution Reaction</span>}

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Q

alkane → haloalkane

A

HCl in CCl₄

UV Light, Br₂

_{<span>Substitution Reaction</span>}

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Q

alkene → alkane

A

H₂, Ni, 300ºC

Addition Reaction - Hydrogenation

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Q

alkene → dihaloalkane

A

Br₂

Cl₂

Addition Reaction - Bromination/Chlorination

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Q

alkene → addition polymer

A

heat/pressure/catalyst

Addition Reaction - Polymerisation

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Q

alkene → diol

A

H⁺/MnO₄^-

Addition Reaction - Oxidation

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Q

alkene → alcohol

A

diluted H₂SO₄, heat

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Q

alkene → haloalkane

A

HBr

Addition Reaction - Hydrohalogenation

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Q

haloalkane → amine

A

conc. NH₃, heat

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Q

haloalkane → alkene

A

conc. KOH _(alc)

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Q

haloalkane → alcohol

A

KOH _(aq), reflux

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Q

alcohol → alkene

A

conc. H₂SO₄, 170°C

Elimination - Dehydration

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Q

alcohol → haloalkane

A

SOCl₂, reflux

Substitution - Chlorination

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Q

alcohol → ketone

A

2° alcohol, H⁺/Cr₂O₇^2-, reflux

Oxidation

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Q

alcohol → aldehyde

A

1° alcohol, H⁺/Cr₂O₇^2-, distil.

Oxidation

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Q

alcohol → carboxylic acid

A

1° alcohol, H⁺/Cr₂O₇^2-, reflux

Oxidation

Q

alcohol + carboxylic acid → ester

A

conc. H₂SO₄, reflux

Condensation/Esterification

Q

ketone → alcohol

A

LiAlH₄ or NaBH₄

Q

aldehyde → alcohol

A

LiAlH₄ or NaBH₄

Reduction

Q

aldehyde → carboxylic acid

A

H⁺/Cr₂O₇^2-, reflux

Q

carboxylic acid → carboxylate salt

A

acid-metal/carbonate/base reactions (e.g. Mg, CaCO₃, NaOH)

Q

carboxylic acid → amide

A

NH₃, heat

Substitution Reaction

Q

carboxylic acid → acid chloride

A

SOCl₂

PCl₃

PCl₅

Substitution Reaction

Q

amide → carboxylic acid

A

H₂SO₄, heat

Hydrolysis

Q

acid chloride → carboxylic acid

A

H₂O

Nucleophilic Substitution

Q

acid chloride → 1° amide

A

conc. NH₃

Nucleophilic Substitution

Q

acid chloride → 2° amide

A

R-NH₃, reflux

Nucleophilic Substitution

Q

acid chloride → ester

A

alcohol

Nucleophilic Substitution

Q

ester → alcohol + carboxylic acid

A

dilute H₂SO₄

Hydrolysis

Q

ester → amide

A

NH₃