Organic Reactions

Question 1

Substitution Reaction

Answer 1

• Alkane
• UV Light as a catalyst
• Each hydrogen in an alkane is displaced one at a time by a halogen gas

CH4(g) + 4Cl2(l) –> CCl4(g) + 4HCl(l)

Question 2

Cracking

Answer 2

• High temperatures (500-700C)
• 1 Atm
• Zeolite catalyst (aluminium oxide AND silicon dioxide)

Only Alkanes

A process which larger hydrocarbon molecules are broken down into smaller hydrocarbon molecules.

Question 3

Addition Reaction of hydrogen

Hydrogenation

Answer 3

• 150C
• Nickel catalyst

Question 4

Addition reaction of bromine

Bromination

Answer 4

• rtp

Bromine rapidly decolourises in alkenes while it remains brown in alkanes.

Question 5

Addition of Steam

Hydration

Answer 5

• 300C,
• 60atm
• phosphoric(V) acid catalyst

Question 6

Addition Polymerisation

Answer 6

• High temperatures and pressure
• Catalyst

Used to manafacture materials like plastic

Question 7

Manafacture Margarine from vegetable oils

Answer 7

• Through hydrogenation of vegetable oil

Question 8

Oxidation of alchohols

Answer 8

• Heat
• Oxidising agents

Alchohols form carboxylic acids upon oxidation.

Question 9

Fermentation of Glucose

Answer 9

• Yeast Enzymes
• Absence of oxygen
• <37C else the enzymes will denature
• Produces up to 15% ABV of ethanol
  Above 15% ethanol kills the yeast