Organic Lab Final Part 1 Flashcards
Caffeine is a naturally occurring _______ contained in a number of foods.
alkoid
Is caffeine molecules more soluble in water than in dichloromethane?
No, they are more soluble in dichloromethane.
Which of the following chemicals will not be used in the caffeine extraction lab?
Sodium carbonate
Methylene chloride
Calcium chloride
Sodium Hydroxide
Sodium Hydroxide
Name chemicals that will be used in the caffeine extraction lab.
Sodium carbonate
Methylene chloride
Calcium chloride
Which of the following is not included in the caffeine isolation lab procedure?
Sublimation
Fractional distillation
Solvent extraction from solid
Solvent-solvent fractionation (partition)
Fractional distillation
Should you use the hood to do solvent partition and solvent evaporation?
Yes.
Which of the following will be used as the starting material for making ethanol in your fermentation lab?
Vinegar
Sucrose
Apple
NaCl
Sucrose
What is used as the starting material for making ethanol in your fermentation lab?
Sucrose
Which data will you not collect in the fermentation lab?
Melting point
What datas will you collect in the fermentation lab?
Distillate weight, sucrose weight, boiling point
What chemical will you not use for this fermentation lab?
Ammonium tartrate
HCl
Calcium phosphate
Magnesium phosphate
Potassium phosphate
HCl
Should fractional distillation obtain ethanol with much higher purity than simple distillation?
Yes.
Is the boiling point obtained from simple distillation of the liquid fermentation mixture accurate?
No.
TLC stands for…
Thin-layer chromatography
What are the standard compounds used in the TLC lab?
Acetaminophen, aspirin, caffeine and ibuprofen
What compounds do we identify using compound’s TLC plate?
Rf value
Where should we dispose the sampling tubes used in the TLC lab?
In the broken glass trash bin
What will happen if the solvent level in the bottom of the TLC chamber is above the sample spots?
The spotted samples will dissolve in the pool of solvent instead of climbing up the TLC plate.
Is 2-bromobutane a chiral molecule?
Yes.
How many stereoisomers do 2-bromobutane have?
2
What is a pair of enantiomers?
Mirror images that cannot be superimposed (R & S)
Which of the following is one of the main fermentation products that will be distilled out using fractional distillation apparatus?
Glucose
Sucrose
Ethanol
Fructose
Ethanol
What is one of the main fermentation products that will be distilled out using fractional distillation apparatus?
Ethanol
For the identification of the product you will collect in the fermentation-fractional distillation lab, which functional group you are looking at?
OH group
Which instrument are you going to use to identify your final product in the fermentation-fractional distillation lab?
IR
Simple distillation process can help estimate what data?
Boiling point
Define azeotrope.
A liquid mixture that has a constant boiling point and whose vapor has the same composition as the liquid.
List factors that have a significant effect on the rate of SN2 reactions.
Electrophilic carbon that is unhindered, with stronger nucleophiles, a good leaving group.
List a factor that doesn’t affect the rate of SN2 and SN1 reactions.
Polar-protic solvents
List factors that have a significant effect on the rate of SN1 reactions.
A good leaving group, resonance-stabilized intermediates, formation of carbocation.
Can the structure of the alkyl halide, the leaving group, the nucleophile, and the solvent all play a role on which mechanism occurs under a certain set of conditions and how fast the substitution reaction occurs.
Yes.
You will use the following for the reaction except _____ in the SN2 reaction lab.
Condenser
Thermometer
Claisen adapter
Stir bar
Thermometer
You will use the following reagents except _______ in the SN2 reaction lab.
2-napthol
CH2Cl2
KOH
Iodoethane
CH2Cl2
List reagents being used in the SN2 reaction lab
2-napthol
KOH
Iodoethane
The product will be purified by recrystallizing from a ________ mixed solvent in the SN2 reaction lab.
Methanol/water
True or false? In the SN2 reaction lab, after finishing the addition of mixed solvent to crude sample for recrystallization, cool the mixture slowly to room temperature and watch carefully for evidence whether oil droplets are coming out of solution. If this happens, add a little methanol, warm until everything re-dissolves, then cool slowly again.
True.
In the cyclohexene synthesis lab, you will do ___ reaction to obtain cyclohexene.
E1
In the cyclohexene synthesis lab, you will do ________ to separate cyclohexene from cyclohexanol
fractional distillation
What is a suitable chaser solvent used in the cyclohexene synthesis lab?
The water-immiscible xylene.
List the reagents that prove the existence of the double bond in your final product of the cyclohexene synthesis lab.
Br2 and KMnO4.
The congo red color will show ____ color at pH values below 3.
blue
List examples of polymers in the polymer lab.
Alginate hydrogel
Protein
Nylon
Is lactose a polymer?
No
In the polymer lab, why is a small volume of NaOH solution added to the hexamethylenediamine solution?
To make sure that all the amine groups are unprotonated and to react with protons from the HCl that will be released when the polymerization reaction occurs.
What is the Rf value?
The retention factor that is used to compare and help identify compounds.
Formula for finding number of stereoisomers is
2^n where n is the number of chiral carbons
What chemical will you use for this fermentation lab?
Ammonium tartrate
Magnesium phosphate
Potassium phosphate
Calcium phosphate
