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A Level Chemistry: Organic Chemistry > Organic Definitions > Flashcards

Organic Definitions Flashcards

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1
Q

Addition Reaction

A

Reaction where a molecule joins to an unsaturated molecule to produce a saturated molecule

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2
Q

Aliphatic

A

Organic compounds containing C chains and branches

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3
Q

Aromatic

A

Organic compounds containing one or more benzene ring(s)

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4
Q

Carbocation

A

A positive ion with the positive charge on a C atom

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5
Q

Cyclic

A

Organic compounds containing C rings (not automatic rings) also called alicyclic

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6
Q

Dehydration

A

The elimination of water

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7
Q

Dehydrogenation

A

The elimination of hydrogen

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8
Q

Electophile

A

Lone pair acceptor

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9
Q

Elimination Reaction

A

Reaction where a molecule is lost from a saturated molecule to form a saturated molecule

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10
Q

Free Radical

A

Species with an unpaired electron

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11
Q

Functional Group

A

The atom or group of atoms that is responsible for most of the chemical reactions of a molecule

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12
Q

Homologous Series

A
  • A family of compounds with the same general formula and similar chemical properties.
  • In a series, each member differs by the addition of a CH2 group and there is a gradual change in the physical properties
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13
Q

Hydration

A

The addition of water

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14
Q

Hydrocarbon

A

Molecule containing hydrogen and carbon only

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15
Q

Hydrogenation

A

The addition of hydrogen

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16
Q

Hydrolysis

A

A reaction involving the breaking of bonds due to a reaction with water

17
Q

Nucleophile

A

Lone pair donor

18
Q

Organic Chemistry

A

Study of compounds containing carbon

19
Q

Saturated

A

Molecule containing no double bonds

20
Q

Sterioisomers

A

Molecules with the same molecular and structural formulae but a different spatial arrangement of atoms

21
Q

Geometrical Isomers

A

Type of Stereoisomerism:

Molecules which have different arrangement of groups around C=C

22
Q

Optical Isomers

A

Type of Stereoisomerism:

Molecules which are non-superimposable mirror images

23
Q

Structural Isomers

A

Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structures

24
Q

Chain Isomers

A

Type of structural isomerism:

Structural isomers that differ by having a different carbon chain

25
Q

Position Isomers

A

Type of structural isomerism:

Structural isomers that differ by having the functional in a different position

26
Q

Functional Group Isomers

A

Type of structural isomerism:

Structural isomers that differ by having a different functional group

27
Q

Substitution Reaction

A

Reaction where an atom/group replaces another atom/group

28
Q

Unsaturated

A

Molecule containing double bond(s)

A Level Chemistry: Organic Chemistry (12 decks)

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