Organic Compounds conversions Flashcards by Steph Hogan

Q

Alkane -> Haloalkane

A

Br2 or Cl2 and UV light (substitution)

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Q

Alkene -> Haloalkane

A

Shake with HBr (addition)

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Q

Alkene -> Alcohol

A

H+/H2O (addition)

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Q

Haloalkane -> Alcohol

A

KOH(aq) (substitution)

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Q

Haloalkane -> Alkene

A

KOH(alc) (elimination)

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Q

Alcohol -> Haloalkane

A

SOCl2 or PCl3 or PCl5 (substitution)

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Q

Carboxylic acid ->Acyl Chloride

A

SOCl2 or PCl3 or PCl5 (substitution)

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Q

Alcohol -> Ester

A

Heat with c. acid & conc. H2SO4 (condensation)

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Q

Carboxylic Acid -> Ester

A

Heat with alcohol & conc. H2SO4 (condensation)

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Q

Primary Alcohol -> Aldehyde

A

Heat with H+/Cr O 2- 2 7

oxidation

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Q

Primary Alchohol -> Carboxylic Acid

A

Heat with H+/Cr2O72- or H+/MnO4- (oxidation)

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Q

Secondary Alcohol -> Ketone

A

Heat with H+/Cr2O72- or H+/MnO4- (oxidation)

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Q

Ester -> Carboxylic Acid and Alcohol

A

Heat with H /H2O

acid hydrolysis

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Q

Ester -> Alcohol and Sodium salt of carboxylic acid

A

Heat with NaOH(aq) (alkaline hydrolysis)

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Q

Ester -> Alcohol and Amide

A

Heat with NH3(alc)

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Q

Alkene -> Alkane

A

Heat with H2, Ni or Pt catalyst (addition)

Q

Acid Chloride -> Amide

A

Add conc. NH3(alc) (substitution)

Q

Acid Chloride -> Carboxylic Acid

A

Add water (hydrolysis)

Q

Haloalkane -> Amine

A

Heat with conc. NH3 (alc) (substitution)

Q

Haloalkane -> Amide

A

Heat with excess NH3(alc) (substitution)

Q

Acid Chloride -> Secondary Amide

A

Add amine R’NH2 (condensation)

Q

Acid Chloride -> Ester

A

Add R’-OH (condensation)

Q

Alcohol -> Alkene

A

Conc. H2SO4 (dehydration / elimination)

Q

Carboxylic Acid -> Amide

A

(NH4)2CO3 & then heat

Q

Amide -> Carboxylic Acid

A

Heat with H+/H2O (hydrolysis)