Organic Compounds

Question 1

What do all organic compounds have in common?

Answer 1

Contain Carbon

Question 2

What is the relationship between monomers and polymers?

Answer 2

Monomer - Single unit
Polymer - Many monomers put together

Question 3

How many bonds can carbon atom make? Why is it important

Answer 3

4
So it can be form macro molecules and form chains and rings

Question 4

What type of reaction builds of polymers by linking monomers?

Answer 4

Condensation reaction

Question 5

What additional molecule is formed when each monomer is added?

Answer 5

H2O

Question 6

What type if reaction splits polymers into monomers?

Answer 6

Hydrolysis reaction

Question 7

Give an example of a time when our body would break down into polymers?

Answer 7

Digestion

Question 8

What are functional groups? Give 3 examples

Answer 8

Collecting of atoms that give organic compounds certain chemical properties
Carbohydrates, COOH, Hydroxyl COH

Question 9

What is the major function of carbohydrates?

Answer 9

Quick energy source

Question 10

Name some foods that have simple carbs and some that have complex carbs

Answer 10

Simple carbs - fruits milk
Complex carbs - peas beans whole grains and vegetables

Question 11

What are the 3 types of carbohydrates (3 levels)?

Answer 11

Monosaccharides - 1 sugar
Disaccharides - 2 sugars
Polysaccharides - 3+ sugars

Question 12

4 different types of polysaccharides and their functions?

Answer 12

Starch - How plants store extra glucose
Cellulose - Plant cell walls
Chitin - Invertebrate Exoskeleton
Glycogen - How animals store extra glucose

Question 13

Fats and oils are non-polar
What does this mean?

Answer 13

They don’t stick and don’t have oppositely charged ends

Question 14

Name 3 functions of lipids

Answer 14

Long term energy storage
Insulation
Building cell membranes

Question 15

What is the structure of a triglyceride ?
Their function?

Answer 15

Structure - 3 fatty acids
Function - How animals store fat

Question 16

What is the structure of phospholipid?
Their function?

Answer 16

Structure - 2 hydrophobic fatty acid chains
Function - make up cell membranes

Question 17

What type of fatty acid is bent?

Answer 17

Unsaturated fats

Question 18

What type of fatty acids are liquid at room temperature

Answer 18

Unsaturated fats

Question 19

which is the most abundant organic compound in our body

Answer 19

Proteins

Question 20

How many different types of amino acids are there

Answer 20

20

Question 21

Draw and label the structure of an amino acid

Answer 21

H
H2n - C - COOH
l
R

Question 22

Name 3 functions of proteins

Answer 22

1. Structural
2. Transport
3. Speed up chemical reactions

Question 23

What is the function of enzymes

Answer 23

Speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy

Question 24

what is the name of the molecule that an enzyme bonds with?

Answer 24

substrate

Question 25

What is the Lock and Key model of enzymes referring to?

Answer 25

Enzyme fits with its designated substrate

Question 26

If you were to heat up an enzyme past its normal temperature what would happen to it?

Answer 26

it will denature the enzyme

Question 27

Explain the 4 levels of protein folding

Answer 27

Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quaternary

Question 28

What are the two types of nucleic acids

Answer 28

DNA & RNA

Question 29

what is the role of nucleic acids in the body

Answer 29

store genetic information in the form of a code

Question 30

List the 4 types of organic compounds in the chart below. Also list the monomers and functions of each.

Answer 30

Carbohydrates - monosaccharides
Proteins - Amino Acids
Lipids - fatty acids
Nucleic acids - nucleotides