organic compounds

Question 1

Organic chemistry

Answer 1

the study of how carbon forms molecules ( organic compounds) essential to modern materials and living things

Question 2

Organic compound

Answer 2

a chemical compound that is composed of carbon (C) hydrogen (H) and possibly other elements such as oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), phosphorus (P)

Question 3

Polymerization

Answer 3

building large compounds out of smaller ones

Question 4

Monomer

Answer 4

smaller units that are joined together to form polymers

Question 5

Polymer

Answer 5

Made up of multiple monomers

Question 6

Macromolecules

Answer 6

VERY LARGE molecules necessary for life that are built from smaller organic molecules. Macromolecules are made up of single units known as monomers that are joined by covalent bonds to form larger polymers.

Question 7

Macronutrients

Answer 7

the main nutrients that make up foods we eat, Lipids (fat), proteins, Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids are macromolecules but NOT macronutrients

Question 8

Lipids

Answer 8

fats, waxes, steroids, and phospholipids that are insoluble in water

Question 9

Monomers of lipids

Answer 9

Glycerol and fatty acids are the monomers of lipids

Question 10

Functions of lipids

Answer 10

longterm energy storage, insulation, make up with cells membranes used to make hormones.

Question 11

Saturated fat (BAD)

Answer 11

associated with LDL cholesterol, solid at room temperature, saturated fatty acids are chains that have single bonds between barbons

Question 12

State of saturated fats at room temperature

Question 13

Why are saturated fats bad for you?

Answer 13

Eating too much-saturated fats in your diet can raise “bad” LDL cholesterol in your blood, which can increase the risk of heart disease and stroke.

Question 14

Unsaturated fat

Answer 14

have at least one common bond between carbon atoms in the chain

Question 15

State of unsaturated fats at room temperature

Question 16

Structurally, what do unsaturated fats have that saturated fats don’t?

Answer 16

Saturated fats contain only single bonds in the carbon chain, with all excess carbon electrons bonded to hydrogen.

Question 17

LDL Very Bad

Answer 17

stick to arteries causing atherosclerosis (BAD)

Question 18

HDL (GOOD)

Answer 18

removes lipids from your bloodstream (GOOD

Question 19

Phospholipids

Answer 19

Phospholipids are major membrane lipids that consist of lipid bilayers

Question 20

waxes

Answer 20

protect your ear

Question 21

steroids

Answer 21

any of a large class of organic compounds with a characteristic molecular structure containing four rings of carbon atoms

Question 22

4 types of lipids

Answer 22

fats, oils, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids

Question 23

Hydrophobic

Answer 23

tending to repel or fail to mix with water.

Question 24

Carbohydrates

Answer 24

organic compounds found in most foods that are a major source of energy for the body

Question 25

Monomer of carbs

Answer 25

monosaccharides ( like glucose)

Question 26

2 types of carbs

Answer 26

glucose and simple

Question 27

Function of carbs

Answer 27

some provide short term (quick) energy and others provide long term can use them later

Question 28

Simple carbs

Answer 28

also called simple sugar
give you short-term energy and don’t leave you feeling satisfied
can lead to heart diseases

Question 29

What organ regulates blood sugar?

Answer 29

the pancreas !!!!!!!!!

Question 30

Type 1 diabetes

Answer 30

generic and unusually shows up early in life

Question 31

type 2

Answer 31

mainly lifestyle related and develops over time

Question 32

Insulin

Answer 32

Insulin injection and or medicines

Question 33

Complex carbs

Answer 33

also called staches
give you long term energy and leave you feeling satisfied
rich in fiber

Question 34

Complex carbs

Answer 34

Complex carbohydrates are made up of sugar molecules that are strung together in long, complex chains

Question 35

Proteins

Answer 35

long chains of amino acids

Question 36

Amino acids

Answer 36

organic molecules used by living organisms to make proteins

Question 37

Monomers of proteins

Answer 37

C,H, O and Nitrogen

Question 38

4 functions of proteins

Answer 38

make hemoglobin, antibodies fight infection and diseases, enzymes carry out chemical reactions, and build and repair muscle.

Question 39

Essential amino acids

Answer 39

the amino acids our body cannot manufacture on its own: we rely on food to get these amino acids

Question 40

How many essential amino acids are there?

Answer 40

9

Question 41

Hemoglobin

Answer 41

part of red blood cells that carries oxygen to every part of the body

Question 42

Antibodies

Answer 42

proteins produced by the immune system in response to infection

Question 43

Nucleic acids

Answer 43

Nucleic acids are large biomolecules that play essential roles in all cells and viruses.

Question 44

Role of nucleic acids

Answer 44

helps body manufacture proteins

Question 45

Carbon Cycle

Answer 45

process in which carbon atoms continual travel from the atmosphere to the earth and then back into the apmosphere

Question 46

4 main parts of the carbon cycle

Answer 46

all living things are made of caron. carbon is also apart of ocean, air, and even rocks

Question 47

Decomposition

Answer 47

to break up into constituent parts by or as if by a chemical process

Question 48

Combustion

Answer 48

the process of burning something.

Question 49

What organisms are extremely important to the nitrogen cycle?

Answer 49

N2, NH3, NO3, NO2

Question 50

What makes the phosphorus cycle unique?

Answer 50

its the only cycle that does not enter the atmosphere