Organic Chemisty Flashcards
Alkane
a hydrocarbon that has only single bonds between carbon atoms; general formula
hydrocarbon
an organic compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms in its molecular structure
Alkene
a hydrocarbon that contains at least one c=c double bond; general formula
alkyne
a hydrocarbon that contains at least one c=c triple bond; general formula
structural
a compound that has the same molecular formula as another compound but a different molecular structure
addition reaction
a reaction of an alkene or alkyne in which a molecule, such as hydrogen or a halogen, is added to a double or triple bond
unsaturated
containing at least one double or triple bond between carbon atoms
saturated
containing only single c-c bonds
petroleum
a mixture of gases liquids, composed of hydrocarbon molecules up to 40 carbon atoms long
fractional distillation
the separation of components of petroleum by distillation, using differences in boiling points
cracking
the process in which large straight-chain hydrocarbon molecules are converted into smaller branched-chain hydrocarbon molecules, usually by catalytic heating
organic family
a group of organic compounds with common structural features that impart characteristic physical and chemical properties
functional group
a particular combination of atoms that contributes to the physical and chemical characteristics of a substance
hydrogen bond
an intermolecular attraction between -OH and -NH groups in different molecules
alcohol
an organic compound that is characterized by the presence of a hydroxyl functional group; general formula R-OH
