Organic Chemistry: Test 1

Question 1

what is the type of energy that counters the attractive force of the positively charged protons

Answer 1

kinetic energy

Question 2

what occupies the most volume of an atom

Answer 2

electron

Question 3

number of protons in an atom’s nucleus; number of electrons that surround the nucleus of a neutral atom

Answer 3

atomic number

Question 4

sum of an atoms protons and neutrons

Answer 4

mass number

Question 5

atoms with the same atomic number but different mas numbers because they have different numbers of neutrons

Answer 5

isotopes

Question 6

average mass of an element’s atoms

Answer 6

atomic weight

Question 7

defined as 1/12 of the mass of 12C

Answer 7

atomic mass unit (amu)

Question 8

sum of the atomic weights of all the atoms in a molecule

Answer 8

molecular weight

Question 9

mathematic equations that characterize the motion of an electron around a nucleus

Answer 9

quantum mechanics

Question 10

describes the behavior of each electron in an atom

Answer 10

wave equation

Question 11

solutions to the Schrodinger equation; tells the energy of the elctron and the colume of space around the nucleus where an electron is most likely found

Answer 11

wave functions / orbitals

Question 12

subshells of electrom shells around a nucleus; have characteristic shape and energy and occupies a characteristic volume of space

Answer 12

atomic orbitals

Question 13

the closer the atomic orbital is to the nucleus, the _____ its energy

Answer 13

lower

Question 14

the first valence shell consists of only an ____ atomic orbital

Answer 14

s

Question 15

the second valence shell consists of ____ and ___ atomic orbitals

Answer 15

s, p

Question 16

the third valence shell consists of ____, _____, and _____ atomic orbitals

Answer 16

s, p, and d

Question 17

the fourth and higher valence shell consists of ____, _____, _____, and ______

Answer 17

s, p, d, and f

Question 18

number of atomic orbitals and max number of electrons in the first electron shell

Answer 18

1 orbital; max no. of electrons = 2

Question 19

number of atomic orbitals and max number of electrons in the second electron shell

Answer 19

1, 3 orbitals; max no. of electrons = 8

Question 20

number of atomic orbitals and max number of electrons in the third electron shell

Answer 20

1, 3, 5 orbitals; max no. of electrons = 18

Question 21

number of atomic orbitals and max number of electrons in the fourth electron shell

Answer 21

1,3,5,7 orbitals; max no. of electrons = 32

Question 22

orbitals that have the same energy

Answer 22

degenerate orbitals

Question 23

third and higher shells contain _____ degenerate d orbitals

Answer 23

five (in addition to their s and p orbitals)

Question 24

CR4, CHR3, CH2,R2,CH3R, CH4

Answer 24

Class: Alkane, Functional Group: Alkyl

Question 25

R2C=CR2

Answer 25

Class: Alkene, Functional Group: Alkenyl, vinyl

Question 26

number of protons in a particular proton environment; Written 1H, 2H, 3H, etc.

Answer 26

integration number; Ex: CH3, Integration number = 3;

Question 27

RC (triple bond) CR

Answer 27

Class: Alkyne; Functional Group: Alkynyl

Question 28

O (double bond) C bonded to R and H

Answer 28

Class: Aldehyde; Functional Group: Carbonyl (C=O); NMR = 9/0-9.5

Question 29

Ring structure with three double bonds; Ex: Benzyne (C6H6)

Answer 29

Class: Aromatic (arene); Functional Group: Aryl

Question 30

O (double bond) C bonded to two R groups (C=O)

Answer 30

Class: Ketone; Functional Group: Carbonyl (C=O)

Question 31

X=F, Cl, Br, I); RX

Answer 31

Class: Alkyl Halide