Organic Chemistry - General Flashcards
What are Organic Molecules?
Molecules containing carbon atoms
What is a Molecular Formula?
A chemical formula that indicates the elements and the number of each of the atoms in a molecule
What is a Structural Formula?
A structural formula of a coumpound shows which atoms are attatched to which within a molecule. Atoms are represented by their chemical symbols and lines are used to represent ALL the bonds that hold the atoms together
What does a Condensed structural formula show?
This shows the way in which atoms are bonded together in the molecule, but does not show all the bond lines
What are Hydrocarbons?
Organic compounds that consist of hydrogen and carbon only
Define Homologous Series
A series of organic molecules that can be described by the same general formula
what are Saturated Compounds?
Compounds in which the are no multiple bonds between Carbon atoms in their hydrocarbon chains
What are Unsaturated Compounds?
Compounds with one or more multiple bonds between Carbon atoms in their hydrocarbon chains
What is a Functional Group?
A bond or an Atom or a group of atoms that determines the physical and chemical properties of a group of organic compounds
What are Structural Isomers?
Organic molecules with the same molecular formula, but different structural formula
What are Chain isomers?
Compounds with the same molecular formula, but different types of chains
What are Positional isomers?
Compounds with the same molecular formula, but different positions of the side chain, substituents or functional group on the parent chain
What are Functional isomers?
Compounds with the same molecular formula, but different functional groups
Melting point
The temperature at which the solid and liquid phases of a substance are at equilibrium.
Stronger Intermolecular forces, higher melting point
Boiling point
The temperature at which the vapour pressure of a substance equals atmospheric pressure.
Stronger Intermolecular forces, higher boiling point
