Functional Groups Flashcards
Order functional groups by priority from lowest priority to highest priority.
Alkanes<Alynes=Alkenes (unless cyclic structure)<Alcohols<Ketones<Aldehydes<Amides<Esters<Anhydrides<Carboxylic Acids
What is the highest priority functional group?
Carboxylic acid
How are functional groups organized?
Oxidation state
What is the prefix and suffix for alkanes?
Prefix: alkyl- Suffix: -ane
What is the prefix and suffix for alkynes?
Prefix: alkynyl- Suffix: -yne
What is the prefix and suffix for alkenes?
Prefix: alkenyl- Suffix: -ene
What is the prefix and suffix for alcohols?
Prefix: hydroxy- Suffix: -ol
What is the prefix and suffix for ketones?
Prefix: oxo-, keto- Suffix: -one
What is the prefix and suffix for aldehydes?
Prefix: oxo- Suffix: -al
What is the prefix and suffix for amides?
Prefix: amido- Suffix: -amide
What is the prefix and suffix for esters?
Prefix: alkoxycarbonyl- Suffix: -oate
What is the prefix and suffix for anhydrides?
Prefix: alkanoloxycarbonyl Suffix: -anhydride
What is the prefix and suffix for carboxylic acids?
Prefix: carboxy- Suffix: -oic acid
What is the formula for alkanes?
CnH(2n+2)
What is a diol?
A molecule that contains two hydroxyl groups.