Organic Chemistry Functional Groups

Question 1

alkene

Answer 1

double bond between two C’s

Question 2

alkyne

Answer 2

triple bond between two C’s

Question 3

arene/aromatic ring

Answer 3

six membered ring with alternating double bonds

Question 4

halide

Answer 4

halogen (F, Cl, Br, I) bonded to C

Question 5

alcohol

Answer 5

OH bonded to C

Question 6

ether

Answer 6

O bonded between two C’s

Question 7

monophosphate

Answer 7

phosphate group bonded to C

Question 8

diphosphate

Answer 8

two phosphates (P2O7) bonded together then to C

Question 9

amine

Answer 9

N with 3 bonds and 1 lone pair

Question 10

imine

Answer 10

N with a double bond, a single bond, and a lone pair

Question 11

nitrile

Answer 11

N triple bonded to C

Question 12

thiol

Answer 12

SH bonded to C

Question 13

sulfide

Answer 13

S bonded between two C’s

C-S-C

Question 14

disulfide

Answer 14

two S between two C’s

C-S-S-C

Question 15

sulfoxide

Answer 15

S+ bonded to two C’s and one O-

Question 16

aldehyde

Answer 16

C double bonded to O and single bonded to H

O
||
C—H

Question 17

ketone

Answer 17

C double bonded to O between two C’s

….O
__||
C-C-C

Question 18

carboxylic acid

Answer 18

C double bonded to O, bonded to OH, and another C

Question 19

ester

Answer 19

C1 double bonded to O1 and single bonded to O2, O2 single bonded to C2

Question 20

thioester

Answer 20

C double bonded to O, single bonded to S, S single bonded to C2

Question 21

amide

Answer 21

C double bonded to O and single bonded to N with lone pair

Question 22

acid chloride

Answer 22

C double bonded to O, single bonded to Cl

Question 23

carboxylic acid amhydride

Answer 23

2 C’s double bonded to Os, another O single bonded between the 2 C’s

O . . . . O
|| . . . . . ||
C—O—C