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Organic Chemistry > Organic Chemistry Final Exam > Flashcards

Organic Chemistry Final Exam Flashcards

Memorize how organic chemistry works

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1
Q

What is the first step in naming compounds?

A

Identify the longest chain

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2
Q

What is the second step in naming compounds?

A

Numbering the molecule so that the substituents are on the lowest numbers

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3
Q

Should groups come before double bonds when being numbered in a molecule

A

No

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4
Q

What order should the names be in when naming compounds?

A

Alphabetical

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5
Q

C=O is a?

A

Aldehyde

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6
Q

RCOOR is a?

A

Esther

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7
Q

NH2 is a?

A

Amine

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8
Q

OCH3 is a?

A

Ether

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9
Q

COOH is a?

A

Carboxylic acid

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10
Q

OH is a?

A

Alcohol

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11
Q

−C(=O)−NR′R is a?

A

Amide

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12
Q

What type of carbocation is most stable?

A

Tertiary

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13
Q

Is an secondary allylic more stable than a regular secondary?

A

Yes

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14
Q

For hybridization if there are four groups attached what is this considered?

A

Sp3

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15
Q

For hybridization if there are three groups attached what is this considered?

A

Sp2

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16
Q

For hybridization if there are two groups attached what is this considered?

A

Sp

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17
Q

For hybridization if there is one group attached what is this considered?

A

S

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18
Q

For hybridization if there is 5 groups attached what is this considered?

A

Sp3d

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19
Q

What is the formula for calculating formal charge?

A

VE-(bonds+dots)

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20
Q

When calculating formal charge do you count the lone pairs on the atoms that it is not asking you about?

A

No

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21
Q

When calculating formal charge how do you count the double or triple bonds?

A

You count them each separately (double bond=2) (triple bond=3)

22
Q

When determining the best structure for an ion what do you look at?

A

The one with the lowest formal charge

23
Q

What do you look for when determining if something is a resonance structure?

A

If any of the atoms are moving from one spot to another it is not a resonance structure. Only the electrons should be moving

24
Q

What is the first step in determining what is a lewis base?

A

Identify the Lewis acids to eliminate them from the options

25
Q

What is the second step in determining if something is a lewis base?

A

Radicals are not able to behave as lewis acids or lewis bases so they can be eliminated

26
Q

Is H2O a lewis base?

A

Yes

27
Q

What is the first step in determining what compound is the strongest acid?

A

Look at the pKa values

28
Q

Will a strong acid have a high or low pKa value?

A

Low

29
Q

if you are not given the pKa values, how can you determine the acidity of a compound/element?

A

Use the periodic trends

30
Q

If you are given a compound that is not in a line structure what are the steps you want to do?

A

Convert to a line structure, label the longest carbon chain, then name

31
Q

If something is R configuration is it clockwise or counterclockwise?

A

Clockwise

32
Q

If something is S configuration is it clockwise or counterclockwise?

A

Counterclockwise

33
Q

If priority group #4 is in the front what do you do?

A

Switch the configuration

34
Q

What is an enantiomer?

A

Products reversed with no line of symmetry. Non-super imposable mirror images

35
Q

What is a diasteriomer?

A

Same molecular formula, but not mirror images

36
Q

What are constitutional isomers?

A

Same molecular formula, different connectivity

37
Q

What are meso compounds?

A

Same product with line of symmetry

38
Q

What to look for when determining the most stable newman projections?

A

The least amount of gauche interactions

39
Q

What is a gauche interaction?

A

when the large atoms are staggered adjacent to each other

40
Q

What is an Anti interaction?

A

when the large atoms are opposite each other

41
Q

Is staggered or eclipse conformation more stable?

A

Staggered

42
Q

What does trans mean?

A

Opposite sides of the double bond, or opposite sides of each other

43
Q

What does cis mean?

A

Same sides of the double bond or on the same side as each other

44
Q

How to determine between cis and trans on a chair conformation?

A

Trans are if there is one up and one down. Cis is if they are both up or both down.

45
Q

Would all axial or all equatorial be the most stable?

A

All equatorial

46
Q

What is a racemic mixture?

A

Mixture of two enantiomers

47
Q

How to determine what radical is the most stable?

A

Tertiary over secondary over primary. Benzylic over Allylic.

48
Q

Does a vinylic work for SN reactions?

A

No

49
Q

Does allylic work for SN reactions?

A

Yes

50
Q

What is a vinylic?

A

one of the two atoms that share the double bond.

51
Q

What is a Allylic?

A

Carbon bonded to a carbon that is bonded to a double bond

52
Q

In the product of an SN2 reaction what happens that is different from the other reactions?

A

Inversion of sterochemistry

Organic Chemistry (1 decks)

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