Organic Chemistry Final Exam

Question 1

What is the first step in naming compounds?

Answer 1

Identify the longest chain

Question 2

What is the second step in naming compounds?

Answer 2

Numbering the molecule so that the substituents are on the lowest numbers

Question 3

Should groups come before double bonds when being numbered in a molecule

Answer 3

No

Question 4

What order should the names be in when naming compounds?

Answer 4

Alphabetical

Question 5

C=O is a?

Answer 5

Aldehyde

Question 6

RCOOR is a?

Answer 6

Esther

Question 7

NH2 is a?

Answer 7

Amine

Question 8

OCH3 is a?

Answer 8

Ether

Question 9

COOH is a?

Answer 9

Carboxylic acid

Question 10

OH is a?

Answer 10

Alcohol

Question 11

−C(=O)−NR′R is a?

Answer 11

Amide

Question 12

What type of carbocation is most stable?

Answer 12

Tertiary

Question 13

Is an secondary allylic more stable than a regular secondary?

Answer 13

Yes

Question 14

For hybridization if there are four groups attached what is this considered?

Answer 14

Sp3

Question 15

For hybridization if there are three groups attached what is this considered?

Answer 15

Sp2

Question 16

For hybridization if there are two groups attached what is this considered?

Answer 16

Sp

Question 17

For hybridization if there is one group attached what is this considered?

Answer 17

S

Question 18

For hybridization if there is 5 groups attached what is this considered?

Answer 18

Sp3d

Question 19

What is the formula for calculating formal charge?

Answer 19

VE-(bonds+dots)

Question 20

When calculating formal charge do you count the lone pairs on the atoms that it is not asking you about?

Answer 20

No

Question 21

When calculating formal charge how do you count the double or triple bonds?

Answer 21

You count them each separately (double bond=2) (triple bond=3)

Question 22

When determining the best structure for an ion what do you look at?

Answer 22

The one with the lowest formal charge

Question 23

What do you look for when determining if something is a resonance structure?

Answer 23

If any of the atoms are moving from one spot to another it is not a resonance structure. Only the electrons should be moving

Question 24

What is the first step in determining what is a lewis base?

Answer 24

Identify the Lewis acids to eliminate them from the options

Question 25

What is the second step in determining if something is a lewis base?

Answer 25

Radicals are not able to behave as lewis acids or lewis bases so they can be eliminated

Question 26

Is H2O a lewis base?

Answer 26

Yes

Question 27

What is the first step in determining what compound is the strongest acid?

Answer 27

Look at the pKa values

Question 28

Will a strong acid have a high or low pKa value?

Answer 28

Low

Question 29

if you are not given the pKa values, how can you determine the acidity of a compound/element?

Answer 29

Use the periodic trends

Question 30

If you are given a compound that is not in a line structure what are the steps you want to do?

Answer 30

Convert to a line structure, label the longest carbon chain, then name

Question 31

If something is R configuration is it clockwise or counterclockwise?

Answer 31

Clockwise

Question 32

If something is S configuration is it clockwise or counterclockwise?

Answer 32

Counterclockwise

Question 33

If priority group #4 is in the front what do you do?

Answer 33

Switch the configuration

Question 34

What is an enantiomer?

Answer 34

Products reversed with no line of symmetry. Non-super imposable mirror images

Question 35

What is a diasteriomer?

Answer 35

Same molecular formula, but not mirror images

Question 36

What are constitutional isomers?

Answer 36

Same molecular formula, different connectivity

Question 37

What are meso compounds?

Answer 37

Same product with line of symmetry

Question 38

What to look for when determining the most stable newman projections?

Answer 38

The least amount of gauche interactions

Question 39

What is a gauche interaction?

Answer 39

when the large atoms are staggered adjacent to each other

Question 40

What is an Anti interaction?

Answer 40

when the large atoms are opposite each other

Question 41

Is staggered or eclipse conformation more stable?

Answer 41

Staggered

Question 42

What does trans mean?

Answer 42

Opposite sides of the double bond, or opposite sides of each other

Question 43

What does cis mean?

Answer 43

Same sides of the double bond or on the same side as each other

Question 44

How to determine between cis and trans on a chair conformation?

Answer 44

Trans are if there is one up and one down. Cis is if they are both up or both down.

Question 45

Would all axial or all equatorial be the most stable?

Answer 45

All equatorial

Question 46

What is a racemic mixture?

Answer 46

Mixture of two enantiomers

Question 47

How to determine what radical is the most stable?

Answer 47

Tertiary over secondary over primary. Benzylic over Allylic.

Question 48

Does a vinylic work for SN reactions?

Answer 48

No

Question 49

Does allylic work for SN reactions?

Answer 49

Yes

Question 50

What is a vinylic?

Answer 50

one of the two atoms that share the double bond.

Question 51

What is a Allylic?

Answer 51

Carbon bonded to a carbon that is bonded to a double bond

Question 52

In the product of an SN2 reaction what happens that is different from the other reactions?

Answer 52

Inversion of sterochemistry