Organic Chemistry Definitons Flashcards
Hydrocarbon definition
A hydrocarbon is a compound consisting of carbon and hydrogen only.
General formula
The simplest algebraic formula of a member of a homologous series.
Structural formula
The minimal detail that shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule.
Displayed formula
The relative positioning of atoms and the bonds between them.
Skeletal formula
The simplified organic formula, shown by removing hydrogen atoms from alkyl chains, leaving just a carbon skeleton and associated functional group.
Empirical formula
The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound.
Molecular formula
The number and the type of atoms of each element in a molecule.
Homologous series **
A series of organic compounds having the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2 (for alkanes).
Functional group
A group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of a compound.
Aliphatic
A compound containing carbon and hydrogen joined together in straight chains, branched chains or non-aromatic rings.
Alicyclic
Carbon atoms are joined to each other in a cyclic structure, with or without branches.
Aromatic
Compound containing a benzene ring.
Saturated
Only has single carbon-carbon bonds.
Unsaturated
Has carbon-carbon double or triple bonds or has aromatic rings.
Structural isomer
Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula.
