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Biology Honors > Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

Organic Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

Benedicts Tests for?

A

Glucose (Simple Carbohydrates)

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2
Q

Iodine tests for?

A

Starch Solution

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3
Q

Biurets tests for ?

A

Gelatin Solutions (Proteins)

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4
Q

Ethanol tests for?

A

Oil (Lipid)

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5
Q

What is the name of a single sugar molecule?Double?Multiple?

A

Monosaccharides Disaccharide Polysaccharides

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6
Q

What are Sugar molecules made out of?

A

Carbon Hydrogens and Oxygen ( 1:2:1 ratio)

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7
Q

What is the rule for the amount of H2O molecules needed to be removed when multiple monosaccharides link?

A

(Amount of Monossacharides) - 1 = H2O Molecules

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8
Q

Prefix for one carbon

A

Meth-

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9
Q

Prefix for two carbons

A

Eth-

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10
Q

Prefix for three carbons

A

Prop-

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11
Q

Prefix for four carbons

A

But-

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12
Q

Prefix for five carbons

A

Pent-

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13
Q

Prefix for six carbons

A

Hex-

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14
Q

Prefix for seven carbons

A

Hept-

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15
Q

Prefix for eight carbons

A

Oct-

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16
Q

Prefix for nine carbons

A

Non-

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17
Q

Prefix for ten carbons

A

Dec-

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18
Q

Hydrocarbons with single bonds end in?

A

-ane

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19
Q

Hydrocarbons with double bonds end in

A

-ene

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20
Q

Hydrocarbons with triple bonds end in

A

-yne

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21
Q

Name the four functional groups

A

hydroxyl caboxyl amino phosphates

22
Q

Hydroxyls are

A

-OH / Found in Carbohydrates,Glycerol/ Suffix -ol Example Ethanol

23
Q

Carboxyls are

A

-C=O Proteins, Fatty Acids Suffix -oic acid Ex.
Ethanoic acid
\
OH

24
Q

Aminos are

A

-N-H Proteins Prefix Amino
\
H

25
Q

Phosphates are

A

One phosphorous double bonded with one oxygen, single bonded withe three oxygen and two of those oxygen have a slight negative charge/ DNA ATP/ Prefix Phospho-

26
Q

Organic Chemistry

A

study of all compounds that contain carbon and hydro gen

27
Q

Why is carbon so special?

A

Can form up to 4 covalent bonds, can for single double or triple bonds with other atoms, can bond with other carbons making long chains or rings

28
Q

Macro molecules are formed by what process?

A

Polymerizations

29
Q

Monomer

A

smaller units joined together

30
Q

Polymer

A

Largest unit formed by joining monomers

31
Q

Dehydration Synthesis

A

process where a water molecule is released each time a monomer is joining to a polymer or monomer

32
Q

Hydroloysis

A

Process where a water molecule is used to remove a monomer from a polymer

33
Q

Function of carbohydrates

A

main source of fuel for cells

34
Q

Monomers of a carbohydrate

A

Monosaccharides

35
Q

Molecular Formula of Glucose,Frutose,Galactose

A

C6 H12 O6

36
Q

Functions of starch

A

Stores energy in plants

37
Q

Function of glycogen

A

stores energy in animals

38
Q

Function of Cellulose

A

provides support for a plant

39
Q

Elements and Monomers of a lipid

A

Elements: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
Monomers: Glycerol, Fatty Acid Chains

40
Q

How many fatty acids attach to a molecule of glycerol to make a triglyceride

A

3

41
Q

3 fatty acids + 1 glycerol = ?

A

Triglyceride

42
Q

What functional groups are present in glycerol and fatty acids?

A

Glycerol: Hydroxyl

Fatty Acid: Carboxyl

43
Q

Examples of Lipids

A

Wax, Fats, Oil, Steroids, Hormones, Cholesterol

44
Q

Functions of Lipids

A

Stores Energy (Long Term)
Non polar and acts as water covering
Steroids and hormones are lipids that send messages to cells

45
Q

Difference between saturated fatty acids, Unsaturated fatty acids, Polyunsaturated acids

A

Difference is the amount of carbon double bonds

Saturated has none, Unsaturated has one, Poly unsaturated has more than one

46
Q

Elements in Nucleic Acids (CHONP)

A

Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Phosphorus

47
Q

What three parts are in a nucleic acid?

A

Phosphate Group, Nitrogenous Base, Sugar Molecule

48
Q

Name of a nucleic acid polymer

A

Polynucleotide

49
Q

How are polynucleotides formed?

A

Phosphorus group from one acid attaches to sugar of another acid

50
Q

Functions of Nucleic Acids

A

Provide instruction to cells about protein production and allow genetic info to be passed on to future generations

Biology Honors (2 decks)

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