Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry > Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

Organic Chemistry Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

Prefixes for carbon atoms

A

meth eth prop but pent hex hept oct non dec

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Alkane

A

Saturated, single bond (sigma), CnH2n+2, -ane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Alkene

A

Unsaturated, one double bond (sigma+Pi), CnH2n, -ene, cis- and trans-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Alkynes

A

Unsaturated, one triple bond (sigma+2Pi), CnH2n-2, -yne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Radical groups

A

CnH2n+1, -yl, sorted alphabetically by group name not di tri tetra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Halogens

A

-o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What side starts counting?

A

1- Double/triple bond!

2- branch/groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Reaction of Alkanes

A

Substitution (no pi bonds to break)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Reaction of alkenes and alkynes

A

Addition (Pi bonds can be broken and groups added) halogenation, hydrogenation, hydration>alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Alcohols (hydroxy)

A

R-OH

-ol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Primary alcohols

A

OH on end of chain, 1-__ol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Secondary alcohol

A

C of OH connected to 2 carbons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ternary alcohol

A

C of OH connected to 3 carbons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Dihydroxy alcohol

A

2 OH, 1,2-ethanediol, ethylene glycol (common), mix with water>antifreeze (lowers FP raise BP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Trihydroxy alcohol

A

3 OH, 1,2,3-propanetriol, glycerol (common), lipids (3 fatty acids and glycerol)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Aldehydes

A

Formed by oxidation of primary alcohol
R-CHO (cho!)
-al

16
Q

Carboxylic/organic acid

A 
Formation by oxidation of aldehyde
R-COOH (cooooh! I'm on acid!)
-oic
H+ easily lost/acidic/red litmus/conducts
(acetic acid CH3COOH vinegar)
17
Q

Alkadiene

A

Multiple double/triple bonds, unsaturated, polyunsaturated (butter/oil) i.e. 1,3-butadiene

18
Q

Benzene series

A

Aromatic, unsaturated, CnH2n-6, ortho (1,2) meta (1,3) or para (1,4)-dichlorobenzene (1st=benzene C6H6, 2nd=methyl benzene aka toluene polar paint solvent C7H8)

19
Q

Ketone

A

Former by oxidation of secondary alcohol
R-CO-R’ (co!)
-one
i.e. CH3COCH3 acetone polar solvent, flammable

20
Q

Ether

A

Formed by dehydration of 2 primary alcohols>ether+water
R-O-R’ (roar!)
~oxy~
i.e. Chloroform knocks you out

21
Q

Ester

A

Formed by dehydration of alcohol+(carboxylic)acid>ester+water
RCOOR’ or ROOCR’ (coo and ooc!)
-oic>-oate
Artificial scents. Carboxylic acid loses H, alcohol loses OH

22
Q

Nitrogen groups

A

Nitro -NO2
Nitrile -C—N
Amine NH2
Amide =O and NH2

23
Q

Combustion

A

Hydrocarbon (limiting) + O2 (excess)>CO2+H2O, incomplete is CO(g)+C(s)

24
Q

Fermentation

A

C6H12O6 yeast/zymase> 2C2H5OH (ethanol) + 2CO2(g)

25
Q

Saponification

A

Hydrolysis of ester (fatty acid) by strong base>glycerol+soap (metallic salt of fatty acid)

26
Q

Polymerization

A

Form large units from monomers Addition from Alkenes (~C2H4~)n double bond breaks
Condensation, 2 dihydroxy>ether oh thing + H2O

Chemistry (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions