Organic Chemistry

Question 1

organic molecules

Answer 1

Organic molecules are molecules containing carbon atoms.

Question 2

molecular formula

Answer 2

The molecular formula is a chemical formula that indicates the type of atoms and the correct number of each in a molecule.

Question 3

structural formula

Answer 3

A structural formula of a compound shows which atoms are attached to which within the molecule. Atoms are represented by their chemical symbols and lines are used to represent ALL the bonds that hold the atoms together.

Question 4

condensed structural formula

Answer 4

This notation shows the way in which atoms are bonded together in the molecule, but DOES NOT SHOW ALL bond lines.

Question 5

hydrocarbon

Answer 5

Organic compounds that consist of hydrogen and carbon only.

Question 6

homologous series

Answer 6

A series of organic compounds that can be described by the same general formula OR in which one member differs from the next with a CH2 group.

Question 7

saturated compounds

Answer 7

Compounds in which there are no multiple bonds between C atoms in their hydrocarbon chains.

Question 8

unsaturated compounds

Answer 8

Compounds with one or more multiple bonds between C atoms in their hydrocarbon chains.

Question 9

functional group

Answer 9

A bond or an atom or a group of atoms that determine(s) the physical and chemical properties of a group of organic compounds.

Question 10

structural isomer

Answer 10

Organic molecules with the same molecular formula, but different structural formulae.

Question 11

Which functional group(s) has only London Dispersion Forces?

Answer 11

Alkanes
Alkenes
Alkynes

Question 12

Which functional group(s) has only Dipole-Dipole Forces?

Answer 12

Aldehydes
Ketones
Esters
Alkyl halides

Question 13

Which functional group(s) has only Hydrogens Bonds?

Answer 13

Alcohols

Carboxylic Acids

Question 14

Vapour pressure

Answer 14

Pressure that an enclosed vapour exerts on the surface of a liquid.

Question 15

Trend of odour strength

Answer 15

The weaker the IMFs the greater the odour

Question 16

Flammibility

Answer 16

Tendency of a substance to catch alight.

Question 17

Trend of flammability

Answer 17

The shorter the carbon chain, the higher the flammability. Alkenes are more reactive, and therefore more flammable, than Alkanes.

Question 18

Combustion reactions

Answer 18

An exothermic reaction that produces water and carbon dioxide.

Question 19

Esterficaton reactions

Answer 19

An alcohol and a carboxylic acid combine to form an ester and water.

Question 20

Macromolecule

Answer 20

A molecule that consists of a large number of atoms.

Question 21

Polymer

Answer 21

A large molecule composed of smaller monomer units covalently bonded to each other in a repeating pattern.

Question 22

Monomer

Answer 22

Small organic molecules that can be covalently bonded to each other in a repeating pattern.

Question 23

Polymerisation

Answer 23

A chemical reaction in which monomer molecules join to form a polymer.

Question 24

Addition polymerisation

Answer 24

A reaction in which small molecules join to form very large molecules by adding on double bonds.

Question 25

Addition polymer

Answer 25

A polymer formed when monomers (usually containing a double bond) combine through an addition reaction.

Question 26

Condensation polymerisation

Answer 26

Molecules of two monomers with different functional groups undergo condensation reactions with the loss of small molecules, usually water.

Question 27

Condensation polymer

Answer 27

A polymer formed by two monomers with different functional groups that are linked together in a condensation reaction in which a small molecule, usually water, is lost.