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Chemistry ICSE X > organic chemistry > Flashcards

organic chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

Define the term ‘catenation’

A

Catenation is defined as the tendency of an element to form chains of identical atoms.

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2
Q

(ii) Which one of the elements – Li, Be, B, C, O, F, Ne shows the property of catenation.

A

(ii) C.

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3
Q

(i) State the term for:- Compounds having the same general formula and similar chemical properties.

A

(i) Homologus series.

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4
Q

(ii) Name (a) The compound with – OH and with – COOH as the part of its structure.
(b) Homologue of homologus series with general formula CnH2n from the compounds given: Ethane, Ethene, Ethanoic acid, Ethyne, Ethanol.

A

ii) (a) Ethanol and Ethanoic acid.
(b) Ethene [a member of Alkene]

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5
Q

(i) State the structural formula of ethane.
(ii) Draw the structural formula of the two isomers of Butane. Give the correct IUPAC name of each.

A
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6
Q

(iii) From the following list, write down the appropriate words to fill in the blanks (a) to (e) below: -
Addition, carbohydrates, CnH2n-2, CnH2n, CnH2n+2, electrochemical, homologus, hydrocarbons, saturated, substitution, unsaturated.

The alkane from an (a) ________ series with the general formula (b) __________. The alkanes are (c) __________ (d) __________ which generally undergo (e) ___________ reaction.

A

iii) (a) Homologus
(b) CnH2n+2
(c) Sturated
(d) Hydrocarbon
(e) Substitution.

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7
Q

(i) For each of the compounds (a) Ethane, (b) Vinegar [acetic acid] and (iii) Marsh gas [methane], draw the relevant structural formula. What word is used to describe the above three compounds taken together?

A

`

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8
Q

(ii) Draw the structural formula of ethane. What is the feature of the ethane structure which allows ethane to react with chlorine in the way it does.

A
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9
Q

(i) What is the special feature of the structure of : (a) C2H4 (b) C2H2.

A

(i) Both are unsaturated hydrocarbons. C2H4 (Ethene) contain carbon to carbon double bond and C2H2 (Ethyne) contain carbon to carbon triple bond.

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10
Q

(ii) What type of reaction is common to both these compounds?

A

i) Both type of compounds undergo addition reactions.

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11
Q

(iii) Give the name and structural formula of (a) a saturated hydrocarbon, (b) an unsaturated hydrocarbon with a double bond.

A
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12
Q

) Copy and complete the following sentence: A saturated hydrocarbon will undergo _________ reactions whereas the typical reaction of an unsaturated hydrocarbon is _________.

A

iv) substitution, addition reaction.

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13
Q

v) State the term defined by the following :- Compounds containing carbon and hydrogen only.

(

A

(v) Hydrocarbons.

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14
Q

(vi) State the general formula for a saturated hydrocarbon and give one example and structural formula of the same.

A

General formula : CnH2n+2.

Example : C2H6.

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15
Q

) Draw the structural formula of ethyne. How does the structure of alkynes differ from that of alkenes.

A

H – C ≡ C – H
Alkyne possess a triple bond between carbon to carbon atoms whereas alkenes possess a double bond between carbon to carbon atoms.

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16
Q

iii) Fill in the blanks with the correct words : – Alkanes are the (a) _______ [analogous / homologous] series of (b) _______ [saturated / unsaturated] hydrocarbons. They differ from alkanes due to the presence of (c) _________ [double / single] bonds. Alkenes mainly undergo (d) ________ [addition / substiution] reactions.

A

(viii) (a) Homologous (b) Unsaturated (c) Double (d) Addition.

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17
Q

Which compound is heated with soda lime to obtain C2H6 in the laboratory . Write the equation for the same.

A

(i) Sodium propanoate [sodium propionate]

                                                    CaO CH3 – CH2 – COONa + NaOH   →   C2H6  +  Na2CO3
                                                 Δ   Ethane
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18
Q

Write the equation for the preparation of CH4 from anhydrous sodium ethanoate [sodium acetate].

A

(ii) CaO
CH3 – COONa + NaOH → CH4 + Na2CO3
Δ Methane

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19
Q

) What type of reaction has taken place between ethane and chlorine.

A
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20
Q

Write the equation of the complete combustion of ethane.

A

ii) 2C2H6 + 7O2 → 4CO2 + 6H2O + Heat.

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21
Q

What is the type of reaction taking place between ethane and chlorine to form mono-chloro-ethane.

A

Substitution reaction.

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22
Q

Write the equation for the preparation of carbon tetrachloride from methane.

A

uv[light]
CH4 + Cl2 → CH3Cl + HCl
or Δ

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23
Q

Write a balanced equation for the reaction of ethane and oxygen in presence of molybdenum oxide.

A

MoO
(v) C2H6 + O2 → CH3CHO + H2O

         [350-500ºC]
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24
Q

Name a solid used instead of conc. H2SO4to prepare ethylene by the dehydration of ethanol

A

(i) Alumina at 350ºC.

         Conc. H2SO4
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25
Q

Write the equation for the preparation of ethylene from ethyl alcohol.
Or,
Write the equation for the reaction of heating ethanol at 170ºC in the presence of conc. H2SO4.

A

(ii) C2H5OH → C2H4 + H2O

            160º – 170ºC
26
Q

Write a balanced equation for the reaction between ethene and hydrogen.

A
27
Q

State what do you observe when ethene is bubbled through a solution of bromine in tetrachloromethane (carbon tetrachloride).

A

Colour of bromine disappears.

28
Q

(iii) The reaction between ethene and chlorine forms only one product. Name the type of this equation.

A

Addition reaction.

29
Q

Ethylene forms an addition product with Cl2. Name the product and give its structural formula.

A
30
Q

Write down the equation for the preparation of ethyne from calcium carbide.

A

`CaC2 + 2H2O → Ca(OH)2 + C2H2.

31
Q

Burning of acetylene (ethyne) in oxygen produces a very hot flame. What is this hot flame used for.

A

It is used for welding and cutting metals.

32
Q

State one use of acetylene.

A

Welding and cutting metals.

33
Q

What is the type of reaction between ethene and chlorine.

A

Addition reaction.

34
Q

What feature of the ethene structure makes such a reaction possible.

A

Presence of double covalent bond.

35
Q

Name the product of the reaction between ethene and chlorine.

A

1,2-dichloro ethane.

36
Q

What is the special feature of the structure of ethyne.

A

Presence of triple covalent bond.

37
Q

The conversion of ethanol to ethene is an example of ______ (dehydration / dehydrogenation).

A

Dehydration

38
Q

Converting ethanol to ethene requires the use of ________ (concentrated hydrochloric acid / concentrated nitric acid / concentrated sulphuric acid).

A

Concentrated sulphuric acid

39
Q

The conversion of ethene to ethane is an example of _______ (hydration / hydrogenation)

A

Hydrogenation

40
Q

The catalyst used in the conversion of ethene to ethane is commonly ________ (iron / nickel / cobalt).

A

Nickel

41
Q

From the list given : - ethanol, ethane, methanol, methane, ethyne and ethene. Name a compound : -

(a) Formed by the dehydration of ethanol by concentrated sulphuric acid.

A

(a) Ethene or Ethylene

42
Q

b) Which will give a red precipitate with ammoniacal cuprous chloride solution.

A

(b) Ethyne or Acetylene

43
Q

(c) Which forms methanoic acid on oxidation in the presence of copper at 200ºC.

A

c) Methane of Methanol

44
Q

(d) Which has vapour density 14 and turns alkaline KMnO4 green.

A

Ethene or Ethylene

45
Q

(e) Which forms chloroform on halogenation in the presence of sunlight.

A

(e) Methane

46
Q

(f) Which decolourises bromine solution in carbon tetrachloride.

A

(f) Ethene or Ethylene; Ethyne or Acetylene.

47
Q

Write balanced equations for the preparation of the following : -

(a) Ethane from sodium propionate

A

(a) CaO
C2H5COONa + NaOH → C2H6 + Na2CO3.

48
Q

b) Ethene from ethanol.

A

(b) Conc. H2SO4
C2H5OH → C2H4 + H2O.

49
Q

(c) Ethyne from calcium carbide

A

c) CaC2 + 2H2O → Ca(OH)2 + C2H2.

50
Q

(d) Ethanoic acid from ethane.

A

(d) 2C2H6 + 3O2 → 2CH3COOH + 2H2O.

51
Q

Name a reagent which can be used to distinguish between Ethane and ethene.

A

Bromine solution in carbon tetrachloride.

52
Q

Write the equation for the preparation of ethylene from ethyl alcohol.

A

Conc. H2SO4

C2H5OH → C2H4 + H2O.

53
Q

(x) Name a compound which will give acetylene gas when treated with water.

A

Calcium Carbide.

54
Q

Write the equations for the following laboratory preparations : -

(a) Ethane from sodium propionate.

A

(a) CH3CH2COONa + NaOH → C2H6 + Na2CO3.

55
Q

(b) Ethene from Iodoethane.

A

(b) CH3CH2I + KOH → C2H4 + KI + H2O.

56
Q

c) Ethyne from calcium carbide

A

(c) CaC2 + 2H2O → Ca(OH) + C2H2.

57
Q

(d) Methanol from Iodomethane.

A

d) CH3I + KOH → CH3OH + KI.

58
Q

Draw the structural formula of a compound with two carbon atoms in each of the following cases : - (a) An alkane with a carbon to carbon single bond.

A
59
Q

(b) An alcohol containing two carbon atoms.

A
60
Q

(c) An unsaturated hydrocarbon with a carbon to carbon triple bond.

A
61
Q
A

Chemistry ICSE X (4 decks)

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