Organic Chemistry Flashcards
Define Hydrocarbon
A compound that is formed from only Carbon and Hydrogen atoms
Describe Alkanes
CnH2n+2
Homologous Series
Saturated Compounds
Methane Formula
CH4
Ethane Formula
C2H6
Propane Formula
C3H8
Butane Formula
C4H10
Complete Combustion Formula
Hydrocarbon + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
What is Cracking?
A thermal decomposition reaction which breaks long-chain hydrocarbons into shorter chains
Describe Catalytic Cracking
Lock-chain hydrocarbons are heated to vaporise them
Vapour is passed over a hot powdered aluminium oxide catalyst
The long-chain molecules split apart on the surface of the specks of catalyst
Describe Steam Cracking
Vaporise long-chain hydrocarbons, mix them with steam and heat them to very high temperatures
Describe Alkenes
CnH2n
Have a C=C double bond
Ethene Formula
C2H4
Propene Formula
C3H6
Butene Formula
C4H8
Pentene Formula
C5H10
Describe Incomplete Combustion
Alkene + Oxygen → Carbon + Carbon Monoxide + Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
Fermentation Equation
Sugar → Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide
Ester Equation
Alcohol + Carboxylic Acid → Ester + Water
