Organic Chemistry Flashcards
what is organic chemistry
organic chemistry is the study of compounds which contain carbon, known as organic compounds.
how many valence electrons does a carbon atom contain
a carbon atom contains 4 valence electrons a
bonds containing single bonds between adjacent carbon compounds are referred to as?
saturated compounds
bonds containing one or more double bonds between adjacent carbon atoms are referred to as?
unsaturated compounds
what are the ways in which a carbon can bond?
single bond
double bond
branched chain
unbranched chain
rings
what is catenation
catenation is the ability of carbon atoms to bond covalently with other carbon atoms to form chain and rings of carbons
what is a functional group
a functional group is a specific group of atoms within a molecule that is responsible for characteristic chemical reactions of that molecule.
what are the two parts of an organic molecule?
the hydrocarbon part
the functional group
what are the ways in which the formulae of organic compounds can be written
molecular formula
fully displayed structural formula
fully displayed structural formula
condensed structural formula
what is a homologous series
a homologous series is a group of organic compounds which all possess the same functional group and can be represented by the same general formula
what are the characteristics of a homologous series
members of the series should
-have the same functional group
-can all be represented by the same general formula
-can be prepared using the same general method
-possess similar chemical properties
-show a gradual change in their physical properties as the no. of carbons icrease
which homologous series has the general formula CnH2n+2
Alkane
which homologous series has the general formula CnH2n
Alkene
which homologous series has the general formula CnH2n+1OH
Alcohol/Alkanol
which homologous series has the general formula Cn-1H2n+1COOH
Alkanoic/Carboxylic
what is the functional group present for alkane
carbon - carbon single bond
what is the functional group present for alkene
carbon-carbon double bond
what is the functional group present for alcohol
hydroxyl group
what is the functional group present for alkanoic
carboxyl group
what is a structural isomer
a structural isomer is an organic compound which has the same molecular formula but different structural formulae
what is structural isomerism
structural isomerism is the occurrence of two or more organic compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulae
