Organic Chemistry

Question 1

What are alkanes?

Answer 1

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons with single bonds only.

Question 2

What is the general formula for alkanes?

Answer 2

The general formula for alkanes is CnH2n+2.

Question 3

What are alkenes?

Answer 3

Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain at least one double bond.

Question 4

What is the general formula for alkenes?

Answer 4

The general formula for alkenes is CnH2n.

Question 5

True or False: Alkenes can undergo addition reactions.

Answer 5

True.

Question 6

What is cracking in organic chemistry?

Answer 6

Cracking is the process of breaking down larger hydrocarbons into smaller, more useful ones.

Question 7

What is the purpose of fractional distillation?

Answer 7

Fractional distillation is used to separate a mixture of liquids based on their different boiling points.

Question 8

What is crude oil primarily composed of?

Answer 8

Crude oil is primarily composed of hydrocarbons.

Question 9

Fill in the blank: Alkanes are also known as ______ hydrocarbons.

Answer 9

saturated.

Question 10

What is the main product of complete combustion of hydrocarbons?

Answer 10

The main products are carbon dioxide and water.

Question 11

What are the environmental impacts of incomplete combustion?

Answer 11

Incomplete combustion can produce carbon monoxide and soot, which are harmful pollutants.

Question 12

True or False: Alkenes are more reactive than alkanes.

Answer 12

True.

Question 13

What is the process called when a hydrocarbon is broken down into smaller molecules?

Answer 13

The process is called cracking.

Question 14

What is the term for the liquid mixture obtained from distillation of crude oil?

Answer 14

Petroleum.

Question 15

What is the main use of ethene (an alkene)?

Answer 15

Ethene is primarily used in the production of plastics.

Question 16

Fill in the blank: The boiling point of alkanes ______ as the number of carbon atoms increases.

Answer 16

increases.

Question 17

What type of bond is present in alkenes?

Answer 17

Double bond.

Question 18

What is the significance of cracking in the petroleum industry?

Answer 18

Cracking increases the yield of useful products from crude oil.

Question 19

What is the main source of hydrocarbons?

Answer 19

Fossil fuels.

Question 20

True or False: Alkenes can undergo polymerization.

Answer 20

True.

Question 21

What is the primary difference between alkanes and alkenes?

Answer 21

Alkanes have only single bonds, while alkenes have at least one double bond.

Question 22

What is produced when hydrocarbons combust in a limited supply of oxygen?

Answer 22

Carbon monoxide and/or soot.

Question 23

What is the process of separating crude oil into fractions called?

Answer 23

Fractional distillation.

Question 24

What is the main greenhouse gas produced by the combustion of hydrocarbons?

Answer 24

Carbon dioxide.

Question 25

What type of hydrocarbons are used as fuels?

Answer 25

Both alkanes and alkenes can be used as fuels.

Question 26

What are hydrocarbons?

Answer 26

A compound only containing hydrogen and carbon atoms

Question 27

What is cracking?

Answer 27

Cracking is the breakdown of large less useful hydrocarbons into smaller more useful hydrocarbons

Question 28

What are the two types of cracking?

Answer 28

Steam cracking
Catalytic cracking

Question 29

Properties of steam cracking

Answer 29

-uses high temperatures
-no catalyst

Question 30

Properties of catalytic cracking

Answer 30

Uses a low catalyst which uses low temperatures

Question 31

Equation for catalytic cracking

Answer 31

Large alkane ——> small alkane +alkene