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Chemistry Paper 2 > Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

Organic Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

What type of resource is crude oil?

A

A finite resource

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2
Q

Where is crude oil found?

A

rocks

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3
Q

What is crude oil made of?

A

Made of ancient biomass

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4
Q

What is crude oil a mixture of?

A

It is a mixture of hydrocarbons

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5
Q

What do hydrocarbons mainly consist of?

A

Alkanes

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6
Q

What is a homologous series?

A

A group of compounds, that have similar properties, due to having the same functional group, and the same general formula.

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7
Q

5 examples of homologous series?

A
  1. Alkanes
  2. Alkenes
  3. Alcohols
  4. Carboxylic acids
  5. Esters
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8
Q

Which is more reactive - alkenes or alkanes

A

alkenes

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9
Q

What catalyst do alkenes use to react with hydrogen?

A

A nickel catalyst

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10
Q

What catalyst do alkanes use to react with water?

A

An acid catalyst

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11
Q

What is produced, when alkenes are burnt?

A

CO2 and H20, with a smoky flame.

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12
Q

How can alcohols be produced?

A

By the fermentation of sugar, by yeast.

Also produced by hydration of alkenes with steam.

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13
Q

What can alcohols be used as?

A

Can be used as solvents.

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14
Q

What can carboxylic acids form, when dissolved in water?

A

Weak acids, as they do not fully ionise.

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15
Q

What is produced, when carboxylic acids react with carbonate?

A

They produce CO2 bubbles.

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16
Q

What does carboxylic acids + alcohols =

A

Ester

17
Q

What are esters?

A

Sweet-smelling volatile substances

18
Q

What process forms a condensation reaction?

A

A condensation reaction btwn an alcohol and a carboxylic acid.

19
Q

What does condensation polymerisation reaction involve?

A

It involves the loss of a small molecule, such as water.

20
Q

Examples of polymers [3]

A
  1. DNA
  2. Proteins
  3. Starch
21
Q

What is DNA made of?

A

4 complimentary nucleotides

22
Q

What are proteins made up of?

A

Amino acids

23
Q

What is starch made of?

A

Glucose.

24
Q
A

Chemistry Paper 2 (3 decks)

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