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Chemistry > Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

Organic Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

What exerts a greater repulsive force on the molecular shape, lone pair electrons, or pairs in bonds?

A

Lone pair electrons

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2
Q

What does ‘tetravalent’ mean?

A

Having 4 bonds

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3
Q

What does the molecular formula show?

A

The number of atoms of each element present in a molecule

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4
Q

What does the empirical formula show?

A

The simplest ratio of each element in a compound

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5
Q

What does the condensed structural formula/semi-structural formula show?

A

The arrangement of all the atoms, without showing the bonds.

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6
Q

What does VSEPR theory stand for?

A

Valence-shell electron-pair repulsion theory

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7
Q

What is VSEPR theory used for?

A

Drawing molecules with correct shape.

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8
Q

What is a functional group?

A

A group of atoms attached to a carbon compound that gives it characteristic reactions

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9
Q

What is nomenclature?

A

A set of rules used to generate systematic names for chemical compounds

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10
Q

What is a hydrocarbon made up of?

A

Only carbon and hydrogen

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11
Q

What is the functional group of an alkane?

A

Contains only single bonds

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12
Q

Which type of compound has no functional group - i.e. only single bonds

A

Alkanes

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13
Q

What is the functional group of an alkene?

A

Double bond

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14
Q

Which type of compound has the functional group: ‘double bond’?

A

Alkene

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15
Q

What is the functional group of and alkyne?

A

Triple bond

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16
Q

Which type of compound has the functional group: ‘triple bond’?

A

Alkyne

17
Q

What is the functional group of an aromatic compound?

A

Carbon ring (or phenyl group)

18
Q

Which type of compound has the functional group: ‘carbon ring’?

A

Aromatic compound

19
Q

What is the general structure of an alkane?

A

C[n]H[2n+2]

20
Q

What is the general structure of an alkene?

A

C{n}H{2n}

21
Q

What is the general structure of an alkyne?

A

C{n}H{2n-2}

22
Q

What is the general structure of an aromatic compound?

A

C{n}H{2n}

23
Q

What is the general structure of an alcohol?

A

C{n}H{2n+1}OH

24
Q

Which functional group do alcohols have?

A

hydroxyl groups i.e. -OH

25
Q

How many lone electron pairs are in a hydroxyl group, and which element are they attached to?

A

Oxygen has two lone pairs of electrons. The other two bonds are made with carbon and hydrogen.

26
Q

What functional group do amines have?

A

amino groups -NH{2}, NHR, NRR’

27
Q

How many lone pair electrons are in an amino group, and which element are they attached to?

A

Nitrogen has 1 set of lone pair electrons. The pther bonds are made with a combination of R groups and hydrogen atoms.

28
Q
A

Chemistry (4 decks)

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